In this study, durability of bamboo samples in terms of the variability of location along culm height (top, middle and bottom) were evaluated in a ground-contact field test for six years in comparison to Scots pine and beech wood samples. Bamboo and wood samples were treated with Wolmanit-CB (CCB) and Tanalith-E (Tan-E) solutions, and then were installed in a field located in the North-West of Turkey. The decay resistance of samples was assessed by weight loss, and compared by SEM observations and FTIR analysis. Furthermore, chemical leaching from the samples was detected by ICP-OES after the test. Results showed that un-treated bamboo and wood samples had a very low durability such that weight losses were found as 64–80% for bamboo and 57–63% for wood samples. The SEM micrographs showed the characteristics decay patterns of soft-rot type I and brown-rot fungi in the parenchyma cells, vessels and fibers in vascular bundles. Fungal hyphae within the cell walls resulted in the gradual breakdown of the cell wall layers. FTIR analysis revealed the mechanism of the biodegradation, which indicates the reduction of carbohydrate content. The weight loss in CCB and Tan-E treated bamboo samples was reduced as 20–45% depending on bamboo height parts, but the wood preservatives did not ensure sufficient resistance for six years against soil degrading organisms since more than half of the chemical amount leached out from the bamboos to soil. Weight losses were well confirmed by chemical leaching rates for both CCB and Tan-E. It was observed that the lower parts of the culm were more durable, which was also in accordance with ICP-OES and SEM analysis. Copper-based preservatives seemed to be more efficient in pine and beech wood samples than bamboos since the impregnability of bamboo was much lower than that of wood.

Graphical abstract

中文翻译：

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测试铜基防腐处理竹子在地面接触中的耐久性六年

在这项研究中，与苏格兰松和山毛榉木材样品相比，在为期六年的地面接触现场测试中评估了竹样品在沿秆高度（顶部、中间和底部）的位置变化方面的耐久性。竹子和木材样品用 Wolmanit-CB (CCB) 和 Tanalith-E (Tan-E) 溶液处理，然后安装在土耳其西北部的一块田地。通过重量损失评估样品的耐腐性，并通过SEM观察和FTIR分析进行比较。此外，测试后通过 ICP-OES 检测样品中的化学浸出。结果表明，未经处理的竹子和木材样品的耐久性非常低，竹子和木材样品的重量损失分别为 64-80% 和 57-63%。SEM显微照片显示了软腐病I型和褐腐病真菌在维管束的薄壁细胞、血管和纤维中的特征衰减模式。细胞壁内的真菌菌丝导致细胞壁层逐渐破裂。FTIR 分析揭示了生物降解的机制，表明碳水化合物含量降低。CCB 和 Tan-E 处理的竹子样品的重量损失减少了 20-45%，具体取决于竹子的高度部分，但木材防腐剂并不能确保对土壤降解生物有足够的抵抗力，因为超过一半的化学量被浸出从竹子到泥土。CCB 和 Tan-E 的化学浸出率很好地证实了重量损失。据观察，秆的下部更耐用，这也符合ICP-OES和SEM分析。铜基防腐剂在松木和山毛榉木样品中似乎比竹子更有效，因为竹子的浸渍性远低于木材。

图形概要