Chondroid syringoma is a rare benign adnexal tumor and tends to occur in the head and neck region. Involvement in the axilla is very unusual, and the differential diagnosis of such presentations includes lymphadenopathy and cyst. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a very useful tool for the diagnosis of chondroid syringoma. The characteristic feature of chondroid syringoma in cytology is the presence of distinct biphasic cell populations of epithelial and myoepithelial cells in the chondromyxoid stroma. If the typical biphasic cellular and chondromyxoid stromal elements are not visible in smears, it may be misdiagnosed in cytology. Here, we describe a case of axillary chondroid syringoma that was initially misdiagnosed as a metastatic carcinoma by FNAC. Although chondroid syringoma rarely occurs in the axilla, it should be included among the differential diagnoses of an axillary mass. Cytopathologists need to discern the unique cytological features of chondroid syringoma and avoid misdiagnosis for prompt management of the patient.

中文翻译：

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腋窝软骨样汗管瘤：细针抽吸细胞学检查可能误诊为转移性癌

软骨样汗管瘤是一种罕见的良性附件肿瘤，好发于头颈部。腋窝受累非常罕见，此类表现的鉴别诊断包括淋巴结病和囊肿。细针抽吸细胞学 (FNAC) 是诊断软骨样汗管瘤的非常有用的工具。细胞学中软骨样汗管瘤的特征是在软骨粘液样基质中存在不同的上皮细胞和肌上皮细胞的双相细胞群。如果在涂片中看不到典型的双相细胞和软骨粘液样基质成分，则可能在细胞学中被误诊。在这里，我们描述了一例最初被 FNAC 误诊为转移性癌的腋窝软骨样汗管瘤。虽然软骨样汗管瘤很少发生在腋窝，它应该包括在腋窝肿块的鉴别诊断中。细胞病理学家需要辨别软骨样汗管瘤的独特细胞学特征，避免误诊，以便及时对患者进行治疗。