Intimate partner violence (IPV) and posttraumatic stress disorder increase the risk of poor pregnancy outcomes, but associations among IPV exposure, mental health, and pregnancy complications remain underexplored. This study assessed the interaction between three types of IPV exposure (i.e., physical, sexual, psychological) and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) on prenatal complications (e.g., preeclampsia, gestational diabetes) among pregnant women exposed to IPV. Participants included 137 IPV-exposed pregnant women (M_age = 27.29, SD = 6.00; 66.9% African American/Black). Three regression models were run to test the main effect of each type of IPV and PTSS on pregnancy complications, and the moderating effect of PTSS on the association between IPV and pregnancy complications, controlling for socioeconomic status, gestational age, and childhood trauma. Main effects were observed for sexual coercion, β = .32, p = .010, R²_part = .050, and PTSS, β = 0.19, p = .039, R²_part = .026, with more frequent sexual IPV and higher levels of PTSS associated with more pregnancy complications. Moderating effects were also evident, with the IPV x PTSS interaction significant for all three IPV domains: psychological aggression, f² = .046; sexual coercion, f² = .079; and physical assault, f² = .048. PTSS strengthened the positive association between psychological and sexual IPV and pregnancy complications. Physical IPV and pregnancy complications were inversely related for participants with low-level PTSS. Results provide novel information on how IPV types and PTSS function together during pregnancy. Findings highlight the need for evidence-based prenatal interventions that successfully address both IPV exposure and PTSS severity.

中文翻译：

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妊娠并发症和亲密伴侣暴力：产前创伤后应激症状的调节作用

亲密伴侣暴力 (IPV) 和创伤后应激障碍会增加不良妊娠结局的风险，但 IPV 暴露、心理健康和妊娠并发症之间的关联仍未得到充分探索。本研究评估了三种类型的 IPV 暴露（即身体、性、心理）和创伤后应激症状 (PTSS) 对暴露于 IPV 的孕妇产前并发症（例如先兆子痫、妊娠糖尿病）之间的相互作用。参与者包括 137 名 IPV 暴露孕妇（M_年龄= 27.29，SD= 6.00; 66.9% 非裔美国人/黑人）。运行三个回归模型来检验每种类型的 IPV 和 PTSS 对妊娠并发症的主要影响，以及 PTSS 对 IPV 与妊娠并发症之间关联的调节作用，控制社会经济地位、孕龄和童年创伤。观察到性胁迫的主要影响，β = .32，p = .010，R ²_部分= .050，和 PTSS，β = 0.19，p = .039，R ²_部分= .026，性 IPV 和更频繁的性行为更高水平的 PTSS 与更多妊娠并发症相关。调节效应也很明显，IPV x PTSS 相互作用对所有三个 IPV 领域都很重要：心理攻击，f ² = .046；性胁迫，f ² = .079；和人身攻击，f ² = .048。PTSS 强化了心理和性 IPV 与妊娠并发症之间的正相关。对于具有低水平 PTSS 的参与者，身体 IPV 和妊娠并发症呈负相关。结果提供了有关 IPV 类型和 PTSS 在怀孕期间如何共同发挥作用的新信息。调查结果强调需要以证据为基础的产前干预，以成功解决 IPV 暴露和 PTSS 严重程度。