The Sambhar Salt Lake in Rajasthan, India, offers a unique opportunity to explore halophilic surfactin-producing microorganisms with industrial application. The phylogenetic study, comparative genomics combined with chemotaxonomic research provided insight into the interspecies relativeness of Bacillus sp. Considering the nonribosomal protein sequences (NRPS), Bacillus haynesii strain SAII strain and Bacillus swezeyi strain SEIII showed a high degree of conservation. In silico studies of the isolated Bacillus sp. confirmed the presence of NRPS indicating the presence of surfactin-type lipopeptide biosurfactants. Structural investigation using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, liquid quadrupole triple quadrupole mass spectrometry, ¹H Nuclear mass resonance of the crude biosurfactant revealed further similarities among these two Bacillus species. Methyl esters of the crude biosurfactant indicated high likeliness among them and indicated the presence of pentadecanoic acid and tetradecanoic acid as the crucial fatty acids. Enhanced recovery of oil from contaminated sand using 100% crude biosurfactant ranged from 20% ± 0.05 to 69.20% ± 1.22. This opens the door to a bright future for understanding the molecular diversity of closely related halophilic Bacillus sp. and the potential use of the extracted biosurfactants for bioremediation of contaminants.

中文翻译：

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破译相关嗜盐芽孢杆菌的分子多样性。从 Sambhar Lake 分离和表面活性素的功能表征

印度拉贾斯坦邦的 Sambhar 盐湖提供了一个独特的机会来探索具有工业应用的嗜盐表面活性素产生微生物。系统发育研究、比较基因组学与化学分类学研究相结合，提供了对芽孢杆菌种间相关性的深入了解。考虑到非核糖体蛋白序列 (NRPS)，海氏芽孢杆菌 SAII菌株和Bacillus swezeyi菌株 SEIII 显示出高度的保守性。分离芽孢杆菌的计算机研究。证实了 NRPS 的存在，表明存在表面活性素型脂肽生物表面活性剂。使用傅里叶变换红外光谱、液体四极三重四极质谱、粗生物表面活性剂的¹ H 核质量共振进行的结构研究进一步揭示了这两种芽孢杆菌属物种之间的相似性。粗制生物表面活性剂的甲酯表明它们之间的可能性很高，并表明十五烷酸和十四烷酸作为关键脂肪酸存在。使用 100% 粗生物表面活性剂从受污染的沙子中提高油的回收率范围为 20% ± 0.05 至 69.20% ± 1.22。这为了解密切相关的嗜盐芽孢杆菌的分子多样性打开了通往光明未来的大门sp。以及提取的生物表面活性剂在污染物生物修复中的潜在用途。