Climate change is impacting organisms in every region of the world ocean by acting though on individuals in response to their local environments. Given projected future risks derived from these changes, it is becoming increasingly important to understand regional signals of how organisms respond to facilitate their governance and protection. Benthic organisms structure ecological compositions and ecosystem dynamics, therefore not only providing insights into their own response to climate change but also how ecosystems might respond to future conditions. European seas are transitional areas including boreal, warm-temperate, and subarctic waters with organisms frequently at limits of their distributions. Here, we use a meta-analytical approach to assess how calcification, growth, metabolism, photosynthesis, reproduction, and survival in European benthic organisms respond to ocean acidification and warming. Using meta-regression, we examine how study design factors influence effect-size outcomes. Longer experimental periods generally amplified the effects of climate change on taxonomic groupings and related physiological traits and against expectation do not result in acclimation. In agreement with global studies, we find that impacts vary considerably on different taxonomic groupings and their physiological traits. We found calcifying organisms are an at-risk taxon in European waters, with climate stressors decreasing growth rates, reproduction, and survival rates. Fleshy algal species demonstrate resilience to climate stressors, suggesting future European benthic ecosystems will undergo restructuring based on current climate emission pathways.

气候变化正在影响世界海洋每个区域的生物体，尽管个体对当地环境做出反应。鉴于这些变化带来的预计未来风险，了解生物如何响应以促进其治理和保护的区域信号变得越来越重要。底栖生物构建生态组成和生态系统动态，因此不仅提供了对其自身对气候变化的反应的见解，而且还提供了生态系统如何对未来条件作出反应的见解。欧洲海域是包括北方、暖温带和亚北极水域的过渡区域，生物经常处于其分布的极限。在这里，我们使用元分析方法来评估钙化、生长、新陈代谢、光合作用、繁殖、欧洲底栖生物的生存和生存对海洋酸化和变暖作出反应。使用元回归，我们研究了研究设计因素如何影响效应大小的结果。较长的实验期通常会放大气候变化对分类群和相关生理特征的影响，并且出乎意料地不会导致适应。与全球研究一致，我们发现对不同分类群及其生理特征的影响差异很大。我们发现钙化生物是欧洲水域的一个危险分类群，气候压力源会降低生长速度、繁殖和存活率。肉质藻类物种表现出对气候压力源的复原力，这表明未来的欧洲底栖生态系统将根据当前的气候排放路径进行重组。