ABSTRACT

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) has been identified widely in aquatic environments, while there are few reports detailing the environmental risk of wood vinegar (WV) on freshwater ecosystems. The freshwater planarians, Dugesia japonica, were used to evaluate the combined effects of PFOA and WV by examining the adverse influence of enzymatic activities, DNA damage and gene transcription on planarians. Compared with control and PFOA groups, the malonaldehyde content was lower in planarians treated with WV. In addition, WV enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes and mitochondrial enzymes, relieving the toxicity effects of PFOA. We also studied the genotoxicity of PFOA and WV on planarians using the comet assay. WV decreased the proportion of DNA in the tail and the olive tail moment. Furthermore, expression of gpx, gst and gr genes in planarians was significantly altered following exposure to both PFOA and WV, compared with individual exposure. Our results suggest that WV could alleviate the adverse effects of PFOA on the aquatic environment, but ecological risk assessments and toxicological safety evaluations of WV are necessary.

摘要

全氟辛酸 (PFOA) 已在水生环境中广泛发现，而很少有报道详细说明木醋液 (WV) 对淡水生态系统的环境风险。淡水涡虫，Dugesia japonica, 通过检查酶活性、DNA 损伤和基因转录对涡虫的不利影响来评估 PFOA 和 WV 的综合影响。与对照组和 PFOA 组相比，用 WV 处理的涡虫的丙二醛含量较低。此外，WV 增强了抗氧化酶和线粒体酶的活性，减轻了 PFOA 的毒性作用。我们还使用彗星试验研究了 PFOA 和 WV 对涡虫的遗传毒性。WV降低了尾巴和橄榄尾矩中DNA的比例。此外，gpx、gst和gr的表达式与个体接触相比，涡虫中的基因在接触 PFOA 和 WV 后显着改变。我们的研究结果表明，WV可以减轻PFOA对水生环境的不利影响，但WV的生态风险评估和毒理学安全评价是必要的。