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Environmental trade-offs of direct air capture technologies in climate change mitigation toward 2100
Nature Communications ( IF 14.7 ) Pub Date : 2022-06-25 , DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31146-1
Yang Qiu 1, 2 , Patrick Lamers 1 , Vassilis Daioglou 3, 4 , Noah McQueen 5 , Harmen-Sytze de Boer 4 , Mathijs Harmsen 3, 4 , Jennifer Wilcox 5 , André Bardow 6, 7 , Sangwon Suh 2
Affiliation  

Direct air capture (DAC) is critical for achieving stringent climate targets, yet the environmental implications of its large-scale deployment have not been evaluated in this context. Performing a prospective life cycle assessment for two promising technologies in a series of climate change mitigation scenarios, we find that electricity sector decarbonization and DAC technology improvements are both indispensable to avoid environmental problem-shifting. Decarbonizing the electricity sector improves the sequestration efficiency, but also increases the terrestrial ecotoxicity and metal depletion levels per tonne of CO2 sequestered via DAC. These increases can be reduced by improvements in DAC material and energy use efficiencies. DAC exhibits regional environmental impact variations, highlighting the importance of smart siting related to energy system planning and integration. DAC deployment aids the achievement of long-term climate targets, its environmental and climate performance however depend on sectoral mitigation actions, and thus should not suggest a relaxation of sectoral decarbonization targets.



中文翻译:


到 2100 年,直接空气捕获技术在减缓气候变化方面的环境权衡



直接空气捕获(DAC)对于实现严格的气候目标至关重要,但其大规模部署的环境影响尚未在这方面得到评估。通过对一系列气候变化减缓情景中两种有前途的技术进行前瞻性生命周期评估,我们发现电力部门脱碳和DAC技术改进对于避免环境问题转移都是不可或缺的。电力部门脱碳提高了封存效率,但也增加了通过 DAC 封存的每吨 CO 2的陆地生态毒性和金属消耗水平。这些增加可以通过提高 DAC 材料和能源使用效率来减少。 DAC展示了区域环境影响的变化,凸显了与能源系统规划和集成相关的智能选址的重要性。 DAC的部署有助于实现长期气候目标,但其环境和气候绩效取决于部门缓解行动,因此不应建议放松部门脱碳目标。

更新日期:2022-06-27
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