Self-powered wearable energy suppliers are highly desirable for next-generation smart electronic microsystems. However, it is still challenging to achieve an all-day operating self-powered energy device via the tandem integration strategy. Herein, a tandem self-powered flexible energy supplier (SPFES) is proposed to “harvest and store” energy from sunlight (outdoor), dim-light (indoor), and human body motion. In this novel device design, two flexible transparent electrodes are shared by three functional components: organic photovoltaic, triboelectric nanogenerator, and electrochromic supercapacitor. Interestingly, the SPFES shows distinctive in-built features including energy indication, self-modulation, and self-protection. When compared to mechanically stacked devices, the SPFES avoids unnecessary encapsulation and external connections, resulting in a thinner device with a higher power-to-weight ratio (up to 110%). The concept of the SPFES paves an elegant route toward designing multi-functional flexible energy-harvest-storage devices for all-day operational wearable applications.

中文翻译：

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用于可持续全天运营的串联自供电柔性电致变色能源供应商

自供电可穿戴能源供应商非常适合下一代智能电子微系统。然而，通过串联集成策略实现全天运行的自供电能源设备仍然具有挑战性。在此，提出了一种串联自供电柔性能源供应商 (SPFES) 来“收集和储存”来自阳光（室外）、微光（室内）和人体运动的能量。在这种新颖的器件设计中，两个柔性透明电极由三个功能组件共享：有机光伏、摩擦纳米发电机和电致变色超级电容器。有趣的是，SPFES 显示出独特的内置功能，包括能量指示、自我调节和自我保护。与机械堆叠设备相比，SPFES 避免了不必要的封装和外部连接，导致更薄的设备具有更高的功率重量比（高达 110%）。SPFES 的概念为设计用于全天运行的可穿戴应用的多功能灵活的能量收集存储设备铺平了一条优雅的道路。