Industrial societies are currently evolving along a fundamentally unsustainable trajectory, contributing to climate change, resource depletion and loss of biodiversity. A recent Deep Transitions framework (Schot and Kanger, 2018; Kanger and Schot, 2019) argues that this trajectory has been built up through the First Deep Transition: a 250-year co-evolution of multiple socio-technical systems. However, to date the Deep Transitions framework has completely neglected the spatial dimension of this process. This makes it unable to explain (1) how socio-technical systems emerge in, gravitate towards, become linked in and disperse from certain locations; (2) how global constraints condition actors' responses in specific locations and how these responses, in turn, reproduce or transform socio-technical systems; (3) how these processes accumulate into socio-material landscapes, posing locationally varying constraints to major transformative change. As a response this paper aims to develop a middle-range theory of the spatial dynamics of Deep Transitions. Synthesizing insights from a broad range of fields nine propositions are developed on the spatial patterns and mechanisms of long-term multi-system co-evolution. The resulting framework enables to explain the spatial genesis of the First Deep Transition and opens up a research agenda for studying the possibly emerging Second Deep Transition.

工业社会目前正沿着根本不可持续的轨迹发展，导致气候变化、资源枯竭和生物多样性丧失。最近的深度转型框架（Schot 和 Kanger，2018 年；Kanger 和 Schot，2019 年）认为，这一轨迹是通过第一次深度转型建立起来的：多个社会技术系统的 250 年共同演化。然而，迄今为止，深度过渡框架完全忽略了这一过程的空间维度。这使得它无法解释 (1) 社会技术系统是如何在某些地点出现、吸引、联系和分散的；(2) 全球约束如何制约行动者在特定地点的反应，以及这些反应又如何复制或改造社会技术系统；(3) 这些过程如何累积到社会物质景观中，对重大变革性变化构成因地而异的限制。作为回应，本文旨在发展深度跃迁空间动力学的中程理论。综合来自广泛领域的见解，就长期多系统协同进化的空间模式和机制提出了九个命题。由此产生的框架能够解释第一次深度转变的空间起源，并为研究可能出现的第二次深度转变开辟了研究议程。综合来自广泛领域的见解，就长期多系统协同进化的空间模式和机制提出了九个命题。由此产生的框架能够解释第一次深度转变的空间起源，并为研究可能出现的第二次深度转变开辟了研究议程。综合来自广泛领域的见解，就长期多系统协同进化的空间模式和机制提出了九个命题。由此产生的框架能够解释第一次深度转变的空间起源，并为研究可能出现的第二次深度转变开辟了研究议程。