Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) activation on biomass-derived carbon materials has been a developed strategy to construct the porous and lightweight microwave absorber. However, the resulting random porous structures still remain a formidable challenge to optimize the impedance matching and microwave absorption performance. Here, a sericin-guided NaOH activation and subsequent carbonization process were proposed to synthesize uniform cellular-like sericin-derived carbon decorated reduced graphene oxide (SC/rGO) nanohybrids. The NaOH was used as a bi-functional activator to regulate the self-assembly of sericin protein between graphene oxide lamellas, while the sericin-guided NaOH further in situ activates the nanohybrids to produce uniform cellular nanostructures by carbonization. The abundant natural doped nitrogen and oxygen atoms derived from the industry wastes sericin are in-situ maintained after carbonization, which act as polarization centers to promote the attenuation of microwave energy. Benefiting from these merits, the synthesized cellular-like SC/rGO nanohybrids exhibit excellent impedance matching performance, promoted multiple electromagnetic transmission, excellent relaxation polarization phenomenon and microwave absorption properties. The optimized microwave absorption of SC/rGO40-500 reached -53.68 dB at 15.30 GHz, and the effective absorption bandwidth achieved 4.4 GHz (13.35-17.75 GHz) at the thickness of 1.51 mm with a low surface density of 0.035 g/cm². Our work demonstrates a novel porous structure design strategy on biomass-derived carbon materials as high-efficiency microwave absorbers.

对生物质衍生的碳材料进行氢氧化钠 (NaOH) 活化已成为构建多孔轻质微波吸收器的一种已开发策略。然而，由此产生的随机多孔结构仍然是优化阻抗匹配和微波吸收性能的巨大挑战。在这里，提出了一种丝胶引导的 NaOH 活化和随后的碳化过程，以合成均匀的细胞状丝胶衍生的碳修饰的还原氧化石墨烯 (SC/rGO) 纳米杂化物。NaOH用作双功能活化剂来调节氧化石墨烯薄片之间丝胶蛋白的自组装，而丝胶引导的NaOH进一步原位通过碳化激活纳米杂化物以产生均匀的细胞纳米结构。工业废料丝胶衍生的丰富的天然掺杂氮和氧原子在碳化后原位保持，作为极化中心促进微波能量的衰减。受益于这些优点，合成的细胞状SC/rGO纳米杂化物表现出优异的阻抗匹配性能、促进多重电磁传输、优异的弛豫极化现象和微波吸收性能。SC/rGO40-500的优化微波吸收在15.30 GHz达到-53.68 dB，有效吸收带宽在1.51 mm厚度达到4.4 GHz（13.35-17.75 GHz），低表面密度为0.035 g/cm ². 我们的工作展示了一种将生物质衍生碳材料作为高效微波吸收剂的新型多孔结构设计策略。