Malle and Knobe's (1997) Study 1 found that people exhibit a shared understanding of intentionality and apply it consistently in their judgments. The study found that different people tend to judge intentionality similarly, and that intentionality ratings were consistent across a set of behaviors from an actor's or an observer's perspective. Additionally, the presence or absence of a definition of intentionality as part of the study instruction did not seem to affect the intentionality judgments. We conducted two pre-registered replications of Study 1 (N = 46; N = 817). The replication results provide support for the findings of the original study. Consistent with the original study, we found high inter-rater agreement across perspective (actor vs. observer) experimental conditions; and no evidence for differences in intentionality ratings depending on whether a definition of intentionality was provided. We observed that actor perspective led to a higher average rating of intentionality than the observer perspective.

Malle 和 Knobe (1997) 的研究 1 发现人们对意向性表现出共同的理解，并在他们的判断中始终如一地应用它。该研究发现，不同的人倾向于以相似的方式判断意向性，并且从演员或观察者的角度来看，意向性评级在一组行为中是一致的。此外，作为学习指导一部分的意向性定义的存在与否似乎并不影响意向性判断。我们对研究 1 进行了两次预先注册的复制（N  = 46；N = 817)。复制结果为原始研究的结果提供了支持。与最初的研究一致，我们发现跨视角（演员与观察者）实验条件的评分者间高度一致；并且没有证据表明根据是否提供了意向性定义，意向性评级存在差异。我们观察到，演员视角比观察者视角导致的意向性平均评分更高。