Heat-insulation and oil-water separation are critical issues in the area of energy conservation and environmental protection. Developing high-expansion open-cell polymer foams with excellent heat insulation and oil-absorption properties is an essential way to solve the above problems. An innovative method for fabricating lightweight PVDF open-cell foam via blending with PMMA followed by a supercritical carbon dioxide molten foaming process was proposed, and ultralight and hydrophobic polymer open-cell foams with outstanding heat insulation and oil-absorption properties were successfully prepared. PMMA not only delays cooling crystallization behavior of PVDF but also improves the melt viscoelasticity. As a result, the open-cell polymer foam with an expansion ratio of up to 43.2, open porosity of 98.6 %, and a density of 0.0361 g/cm³ can be obtained. Benefiting from high expansion ratio and high open porosity, the blend foam displays a thermal conductivity of 31.07 mW∙m⁻¹∙K⁻¹, an adsorption capacity for various oils as high as 8.1–23.1 g/g, and favorable cycle durability. This work provides a green and sustainable method for mass production of better-behaved foam materials for heat insulation and oil-water separation.

隔热和油水分离是节能环保领域的关键问题。开发具有优异隔热和吸油性能的高膨胀开孔聚合物泡沫是解决上述问题的重要途径。提出了一种通过与 PMMA 共混然后超临界二氧化碳熔融发泡工艺制备轻质 PVDF 开孔泡沫的创新方法，并成功制备了具有出色隔热和吸油性能的超轻疏水聚合物开孔泡沫。PMMA不仅延缓了PVDF的冷却结晶行为，而且提高了熔体的粘弹性。结果，开孔聚合物泡沫的膨胀比高达 43.2，开孔率为 98.6%，密度为 0.0361 g/cm³可以获得。得益于高膨胀率和高开孔率，该共混泡沫的热导率为 31.07 mW∙m ^-1 ∙K ^-1，对各种油类的吸附能力高达 8.1-23.1 g/g，具有良好的循环耐久性。这项工作为大规模生产用于隔热和油水分离的性能更好的泡沫材料提供了一种绿色和可持续的方法。