Recent experimental advances in perovskite solar cell (PSC) technology marked a new era for low-cost, flexible, and high-efficiency photovoltaics (PVs). In contrast, the study of the detailed physical mechanisms governing the optoelectronic properties of PSCs has not been keeping up with these breakthroughs, which have been eclipsing theoretical efforts aimed at a more in-depth understanding of this emerging PV technology. Consequently, this has been hindering the design of the devices from reaching their maximum potential. The present article aims to bridge this gap by using a coupled optical and electrical modeling approach to optimize and rigorously assess the transport properties of selected photonic-structured PSC architectures, with particular attention given to ultrathin (300 nm) perovskite absorbers as they can pronouncedly benefit from the light-trapping effects provided by micro-structuring. The central finding of this study is that photonic-structured ultrathin PSCs benefit from significantly enhanced light in coupling and subsequent photocurrent generation in the absorber layer. This leads to more than 20% increase in the short circuit current in comparison with planar devices. In addition, slight increases in the open-circuit voltage and fill factor can be obtained due to the ultrathin perovskite absorbers, and thus, power conversion efficiencies approaching 30% are possible. Moreover, it was also found that the electrical simulations of complex 3D device geometries can be accurately simplified to 1D, massively benefiting the computational efficiency of these studies.

中文翻译：

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光子结构钙钛矿太阳能电池：详细的光电分析

钙钛矿太阳能电池 (PSC) 技术的最新实验进展标志着低成本、灵活和高效光伏 (PV) 的新时代。相比之下，对控制 PSC 光电特性的详细物理机制的研究并没有跟上这些突破，这些突破已经使旨在更深入地了解这一新兴光伏技术的理论努力黯然失色。因此，这一直阻碍设备的设计发挥其最大潜力。本文旨在通过使用耦合光学和电学建模方法来优化和严格评估所选光子结构 PSC 架构的传输特性，从而弥补这一差距，特别关注超薄（300 nm）钙钛矿吸收体，因为它们可以明显受益于微结构提供的光捕获效应。本研究的中心发现是光子结构的超薄 PSC 受益于耦合中显着增强的光以及随后在吸收层中产生的光电流。与平面器件相比，这导致短路电流增加了 20% 以上。此外，由于超薄钙钛矿吸收体，开路电压和填充因子可以略有增加，因此功率转换效率可能接近 30%。此外，还发现复杂的 3D 器件几何形状的电气模拟可以准确地简化为 1D，