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In-depth characterization of intratumoral heterogeneity in refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma through the lens of a Research Autopsy Program.
Haematologica ( IF 8.2 ) Pub Date : 2022-06-23 , DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2022.280900
Keren Isaev 1 , Ting Liu 1 , Mehran Bakhtiari 1 , Kit Tong 1 , Rashmi Goswami 2 , Bernard Lam 3 , Ilinca Lungu 3 , Paul M Krzyzanowski 3 , Amit Oza 1 , Neesha Dhani 1 , Anca Prica 1 , Michael Crump 1 , Robert Kridel 1
Affiliation  

Intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) provides the substrate for tumor evolution and treatment resistance, yet is remarkably understudied in lymphoma, due to the often limited amount of tissue that gets sampled during the routine diagnostic process, generally from a single nodal or extranodal site. Furthermore, the trajectory of how lymphoma, and especially non-Hodgkin lymphoma, spreads throughout the human body remains poorly understood. Here, we present a detailed characterization of ITH by applying whole genome sequencing to spatially separated tumor samples harvested at the time of autopsy (n = 24) and/or diagnosis (n = 3) in three patients presenting with refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Through deconvolution of bulk samples into clonal mixtures and inference of phylogenetic trees, we found evidence that polyclonal seeding underlies tumor dissemination in lymphoma. We identify mutation signatures associated with ancestral and descendant clones. In our series of patients with highly refractory lymphoma, the determinants of resistance were often harbored by founding clones, although there was also evidence of positive selection of driver mutations, likely under the influence of therapy. Lastly, we show that ctDNA is suitable for the detection of ancestral mutations but may miss a significant proportion of private mutations that can be detected in tissue. Our study clearly shows the existence of intricate patterns of regional and anatomical evolution that can only be disentangled through multi-regional tumor tissue profiling.

中文翻译:

通过研究尸检计划的镜头深入表征难治性 B 细胞非霍奇金淋巴瘤的瘤内异质性。

肿瘤内异质性 (ITH) 为肿瘤进化和治疗耐药性提供了基础,但在淋巴瘤中的研究却非常少,这是因为在常规诊断过程中通常从单个淋巴结或结外部位取样的组织数量通常有限。此外,淋巴瘤,尤其是非霍奇金淋巴瘤如何在人体中扩散的轨迹仍然知之甚少。在这里,我们通过将全基因组测序应用于在尸检(n = 24)和/或诊断(n = 3)时收集的三名难治性 B 细胞非霍奇金淋巴瘤。通过将大量样本反卷积为克隆混合物和系统发育树的推断,我们发现证据表明多克隆接种是淋巴瘤中肿瘤传播的基础。我们确定与祖先和后代克隆相关的突变特征。在我们的一系列高度难治性淋巴瘤患者中,耐药的决定因素通常由创始克隆携带,尽管也有证据表明驱动突变的阳性选择,可能是在治疗的影响下。最后,我们表明 ctDNA 适用于检测祖先突变,但可能会遗漏很大一部分可在组织中检测到的私有突变。我们的研究清楚地表明存在复杂的区域和解剖进化模式,只能通过多区域肿瘤组织分析来解开。我们确定与祖先和后代克隆相关的突变特征。在我们的一系列高度难治性淋巴瘤患者中,耐药的决定因素通常由创始克隆携带,尽管也有证据表明驱动突变的阳性选择,可能是在治疗的影响下。最后,我们表明 ctDNA 适用于检测祖先突变,但可能会遗漏很大一部分可在组织中检测到的私有突变。我们的研究清楚地表明存在复杂的区域和解剖进化模式,只能通过多区域肿瘤组织分析来解开。我们确定与祖先和后代克隆相关的突变特征。在我们的一系列高度难治性淋巴瘤患者中,耐药的决定因素通常由创始克隆携带,尽管也有证据表明驱动突变的阳性选择,可能是在治疗的影响下。最后,我们表明 ctDNA 适用于检测祖先突变,但可能会遗漏很大一部分可在组织中检测到的私有突变。我们的研究清楚地表明存在复杂的区域和解剖进化模式,只能通过多区域肿瘤组织分析来解开。尽管也有证据表明驱动突变的阳性选择,可能是在治疗的影响下。最后,我们表明 ctDNA 适用于检测祖先突变,但可能会遗漏很大一部分可在组织中检测到的私有突变。我们的研究清楚地表明存在复杂的区域和解剖进化模式,只能通过多区域肿瘤组织分析来解开。尽管也有证据表明驱动突变的阳性选择,可能是在治疗的影响下。最后,我们表明 ctDNA 适用于检测祖先突变,但可能会遗漏很大一部分可在组织中检测到的私有突变。我们的研究清楚地表明存在复杂的区域和解剖进化模式,只能通过多区域肿瘤组织分析来解开。
更新日期:2022-06-23
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