The rise of liberal market economies, propagated by neoliberal free market thought, has created a vacant responsibility for public interests in the market order of society. This development has been critiqued by Catholic social teaching (CST), forcefully arguing that governments and businesses should be directed to the common good. In this debate, no attention has yet been given to the Reformational tradition and its principle of sphere sovereignty, which provides guidelines on the responsibilities of governments and companies for the public interest of society. This article analyzes the differences and similarities between CST and the Reformational philosophy in their critiques of the neoliberal free market perspective of Hayek. We apply the three perspectives to the case of orphan drugs in the pharmaceutical industry and show that CST and the Reformational philosophy offer valuable insights in correction to Hayek’s views on the responsibilities of governments and companies for public health interests.

新自由主义自由市场思想所宣扬的自由市场经济的兴起，在社会市场秩序中造成了公共利益责任的空缺。这一发展受到了天主教社会教义（CST）的批评，他们强烈主张政府和企业应该以共同利益为导向。在这场辩论中，尚未关注宗教改革传统及其领域主权原则，该原则为政府和公司对社会公共利益的责任提供了指导方针。本文分析了CST与宗教改革哲学在批判哈耶克新自由主义自由市场观点时的异同。我们将这三个视角应用于制药行业的孤儿药案例，并表明 CST 和宗教改革哲学为纠正哈耶克关于政府和公司对公共卫生利益的责任的观点提供了宝贵的见解。