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Effect of Inorganic Acid Concentration on Sandstone Surface Chemistry Examined via Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
The Journal of Physical Chemistry C ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2022-06-24 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.2c01706 Chamini Ishaka Karunarathne 1 , Ahmed Zarzor Al-Yaseri 2 , Alireza Keshavarz 1 , Stefan Iglauer 1
The Journal of Physical Chemistry C ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2022-06-24 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.2c01706 Chamini Ishaka Karunarathne 1 , Ahmed Zarzor Al-Yaseri 2 , Alireza Keshavarz 1 , Stefan Iglauer 1
Affiliation
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Despite rock surface charge being a critical component in predicting the reservoir behavior, the subsurface characteristics are still poorly understood, specially, those of sandstones, which are of key economic importance in the oil and gas industry. Even though a rock surface is originally considered to be neutrally charged, surface charges are created in the presence of water and dissolved ions. Moreover, a major proportion of sandstone reservoirs are composed of silica which creates surface charges through dissociation of silanols in the presence of water and/or acids. Rock subsurface chemistry is a primary factor that determines the variability of several key reservoir parameters (e.g., capillary pressures or residual saturations). Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a well-established tool with which such rock surface chemistry can be measured in situ. For example, surface charge is a vital characteristic with which single-phase and multiphase fluid flow behavior can be predicted (e.g., it determines colloidal stabilities or streaming potentials); the surface charge/surface potential is thus highly significant for a wide range of applications and processes, for example, enhanced oil/gas recovery, hydrogen/CO2 geo-storage, or contaminant transport. This study provides novel insights into fundamental rock surface chemistry and how this is influenced by the acidity of the aqueous phase in the subsurface. Specifically, we systematically examined sandstone surface chemistry as a function of mineral acid concentration via NMR T2 response measurements. For this, Bentheimer sandstone samples were treated with aqueous hydrochloric acid solutions of different concentrations, and NMR T2 distribution measurements were performed for the initial and treated samples. The results indicated that higher concentrations of hydrochloric acid (and thus more surface protonation) yielded much shorter T2 relaxation times compared to lower concentrations. This work thus provides fundamental information about in situ sandstone surface chemistry and therefore aids in the basic understanding and implementation of key geologic questions and engineering projects.
中文翻译：
通过核磁共振检查无机酸浓度对砂岩表面化学的影响
尽管岩石表面电荷是预测储层行为的关键组成部分，但人们对地下特征仍然知之甚少，特别是在石油和天然气工业中具有关键经济意义的砂岩的特征。尽管岩石表面最初被认为是带中性电荷的，但在存在水和溶解离子的情况下会产生表面电荷。此外，大部分砂岩储层由二氧化硅组成，二氧化硅在水和/或酸存在下通过硅烷醇的解离产生表面电荷。岩石地下化学是决定几个关键储层参数（例如，毛细管压力或残余饱和度）可变性的主要因素。核磁共振 (NMR) 是一种成熟的工具，可以用它来现场测量这种岩石表面的化学成分。例如，表面电荷是可以预测单相和多相流体流动行为的重要特征（例如，它决定胶体稳定性或流动势能）；因此，表面电荷/表面电位对于广泛的应用和过程非常重要，例如，提高油气回收率、氢气/二氧化碳2地理储存或污染物运输。这项研究提供了对基本岩石表面化学的新见解，以及它如何受到地下水相酸度的影响。具体来说，我们通过 NMR T 2响应测量系统地检查了砂岩表面化学作为无机酸浓度的函数。为此，Bentheimer 砂岩样品用不同浓度的盐酸水溶液处理，并对初始样品和处理过的样品进行NMR T 2分布测量。结果表明，更高浓度的盐酸（因此更多的表面质子化）产生更短的T 2与较低浓度相比的弛豫时间。因此，这项工作提供了关于原位砂岩表面化学的基本信息，因此有助于对关键地质问题和工程项目的基本理解和实施。
更新日期：2022-06-24
中文翻译：
通过核磁共振检查无机酸浓度对砂岩表面化学的影响
尽管岩石表面电荷是预测储层行为的关键组成部分，但人们对地下特征仍然知之甚少，特别是在石油和天然气工业中具有关键经济意义的砂岩的特征。尽管岩石表面最初被认为是带中性电荷的，但在存在水和溶解离子的情况下会产生表面电荷。此外，大部分砂岩储层由二氧化硅组成，二氧化硅在水和/或酸存在下通过硅烷醇的解离产生表面电荷。岩石地下化学是决定几个关键储层参数（例如，毛细管压力或残余饱和度）可变性的主要因素。核磁共振 (NMR) 是一种成熟的工具，可以用它来现场测量这种岩石表面的化学成分。例如，表面电荷是可以预测单相和多相流体流动行为的重要特征（例如，它决定胶体稳定性或流动势能）；因此，表面电荷/表面电位对于广泛的应用和过程非常重要，例如，提高油气回收率、氢气/二氧化碳2地理储存或污染物运输。这项研究提供了对基本岩石表面化学的新见解，以及它如何受到地下水相酸度的影响。具体来说，我们通过 NMR T 2响应测量系统地检查了砂岩表面化学作为无机酸浓度的函数。为此，Bentheimer 砂岩样品用不同浓度的盐酸水溶液处理，并对初始样品和处理过的样品进行NMR T 2分布测量。结果表明，更高浓度的盐酸（因此更多的表面质子化）产生更短的T 2与较低浓度相比的弛豫时间。因此，这项工作提供了关于原位砂岩表面化学的基本信息，因此有助于对关键地质问题和工程项目的基本理解和实施。
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