Solar-driven interfacial evaporation (SIE) is emerging as an energy-efficient technology to alleviate the global water shortages. However, there is a fatal disadvantage in using SIE, that is, the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) widely present in feedwater would concurrently evaporate and transport in distilled water, which threatens the water safety. Photocatalysis is a sustainable technology for pollution control, and after years of development, it has become a mature method. Considering the restriction by the insufficient reaction of the permeating VOCs on the two-dimensional (2D) light-available interface of conventional materials, a 3D photocatalytic approach can be established to boost VOC rejection for photothermal evaporation. In the present work, a light-permeable solar evaporator with 3D photocatalytic sites is constructed by a porous sponge decorated with BiOBrI nanosheets with oxygen-rich vacancies. The 3D microchannels in the evaporator provide a light-permeable path with the deepest irradiation depth of about 580 μm, and the reactive interface is increased by tens of times compared with the traditional 2D membrane, resulting in suppression of VOC remnants in distilled water by around four orders of magnitude. When evaporating river water containing 5 mg L^–1 extra added phenol, no phenol residues (below 0.001 mg/L) were detected in the produced freshwater. This development is believed to provide a powerful strategy to resolve the VOC bottleneck of SIE.

中文翻译：

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一种具有三维光催化位点的透光太阳能蒸发器，可促进挥发性有机化合物排斥用于水净化

太阳能驱动的界面蒸发 (SIE) 正在成为缓解全球水资源短缺的节能技术。然而，使用 SIE 存在一个致命的缺点，即广泛存在于给水中的挥发性有机化合物 (VOCs) 会同时在蒸馏水中蒸发和迁移，从而威胁到水的安全。光催化是一种可持续的污染控制技术，经过多年的发展，已成为一种成熟的方法。考虑到渗透的 VOC 在传统材料的二维 (2D) 光有效界面上反应不充分的限制，可以建立一种 3D 光催化方法来提高光热蒸发的 VOC 截留率。在目前的工作中，具有 3D 光催化位点的透光太阳能蒸发器由装饰有富含氧空位的 BiOBrI 纳米片的多孔海绵构成。蒸发器内的3D微通道提供透光路径，最深照射深度约580 μm，反应界面较传统2D膜增加数十倍，蒸馏水中VOC残留量抑制约四个数量级。蒸发含 5 mg·L 的河水时 从而将蒸馏水中的 VOC 残留物抑制了大约四个数量级。蒸发含 5 mg·L 的河水时 从而将蒸馏水中的 VOC 残留物抑制了大约四个数量级。蒸发含 5 mg·L 的河水时^–1额外添加苯酚，在生产的淡水中未检测到苯酚残留（低于 0.001 mg/L）。相信这一发展为解决SIE的VOC瓶颈提供了强有力的策略。