Primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) is not a particularly dangerous condition. Tension pneumothorax in the setting of PSP is extremely rare and mortality of PSP is negligible.1 Several series about conservative treatment with good results were published long ago.2 3 In spite of this, in hospital management with under water sealed intercostal tube drainage became widely used from the 1970s onward. At the turn of the centuries, two randomised (pilot) studies suggested that manual aspiration in comparison with intercostal tube drainage was safe and resulted in less days in hospital and less pain.4 5 Their impact on the management of PSP however was moderate and although guidelines mentioned conservative management and manual aspiration, hospitalisation with intercostal tube drainage still remained widely practised. Two decades later, two studies were published that can be regarded as the first adequately powered multicentre randomised controlled trials on the management of PSP.6 7 The primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) trial studied the conservative management of PSP versus small-bore (≤12 …

中文翻译：

---

原发性自发性气胸的处理：不要犹豫，走动！

原发性自发性气胸 (PSP) 并不是特别危险的情况。PSP 情况下的张力性气胸极为罕见，PSP 的死亡率可忽略不计。1 很久以前发表了几个关于保守治疗并取得良好效果的系列文章。2 3 尽管如此，在医院管理中，水下密封肋间管引流已被广泛应用从 1970 年代开始使用。在世纪之交，两项随机（试点）研究表明，与肋间管引流相比，手动抽吸是安全的，并且可以减少住院天数和疼痛。 4 5 然而，它们对 PSP 管理的影响是中等的，尽管指南提到保守治疗和手动抽吸，肋间管引流住院仍然广泛使用。二十年后，