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Local Monitoring Should Inform Local Solutions: Morphological Assemblages of Microplastics Are Similar within a Pathway, But Relative Total Concentrations Vary Regionally
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2022-06-22 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c00926 Chelsea M Rochman 1 , Jelena Grbic 1 , Arielle Earn 1 , Paul A Helm 2, 3 , Elizabeth A Hasenmueller 4 , Mark Trice 5 , Keenan Munno 1 , Hannah De Frond 1 , Natasha Djuric 1 , Samantha Santoro 1 , Ashima Kaura 1 , Debra Denton 6 , Swee Teh 7
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2022-06-22 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c00926 Chelsea M Rochman 1 , Jelena Grbic 1 , Arielle Earn 1 , Paul A Helm 2, 3 , Elizabeth A Hasenmueller 4 , Mark Trice 5 , Keenan Munno 1 , Hannah De Frond 1 , Natasha Djuric 1 , Samantha Santoro 1 , Ashima Kaura 1 , Debra Denton 6 , Swee Teh 7
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Pathways for microplastics to aquatic ecosystems include agricultural runoff, urban runoff, and treated or untreated wastewater. To better understand the importance of each pathway as a vector for microplastics into waterbodies and for mitigation, we sampled agricultural runoff, urban stormwater runoff, treated wastewater effluent, and the waterbodies downstream in four regions across North America: the Sacramento Delta, the Mississippi River, Lake Ontario, and Chesapeake Bay. The highest concentrations of microplastics in each pathway varied by region: agricultural runoff in the Sacramento Delta and Mississippi River, urban stormwater runoff in Lake Ontario, and treated wastewater effluent in Chesapeake Bay. Material types were diverse and not unique across pathways. However, a PERMANOVA found significant differences in morphological assemblages among pathways (p < 0.005), suggesting fibers as a signature of agricultural runoff and treated wastewater effluent and rubbery fragments as a signature of stormwater. Moreover, the relationship between watershed characteristics and particle concentrations varied across watersheds (e.g., with agricultural parameters only being important in the Sacramento Delta). Overall, our results suggest that local monitoring is essential to inform effective mitigation strategies and that assessing the assemblages of morphologies should be prioritized in monitoring programs to identify important pathways of contamination.
中文翻译：
当地监测应为当地解决方案提供信息：微塑料的形态组合在一个途径内是相似的，但相对总浓度因地区而异
微塑料进入水生生态系统的途径包括农业径流、城市径流以及经过处理或未经处理的废水。为了更好地了解每条途径作为微塑料进入水体和缓解的载体的重要性，我们对北美四个地区的农业径流、城市雨水径流、处理后的废水和下游水体进行了采样：萨克拉门托三角洲、密西西比河、安大略湖和切萨皮克湾。每条路径中微塑料的最高浓度因地区而异：萨克拉门托三角洲和密西西比河的农业径流、安大略湖的城市雨水径流以及切萨皮克湾的处理后废水。材料类型是多种多样的，并且在各个途径中并不是唯一的。然而，p < 0.005)，表明纤维是农业径流的标志，处理过的废水和橡胶碎片是雨水的标志。此外，流域特征和颗粒浓度之间的关系在不同流域之间存在差异（例如，农业参数仅在萨克拉门托三角洲很重要）。总体而言，我们的结果表明，当地监测对于告知有效的缓解策略至关重要，并且在监测计划中应优先评估形态组合，以确定重要的污染途径。
更新日期：2022-06-22
中文翻译：
当地监测应为当地解决方案提供信息：微塑料的形态组合在一个途径内是相似的，但相对总浓度因地区而异
微塑料进入水生生态系统的途径包括农业径流、城市径流以及经过处理或未经处理的废水。为了更好地了解每条途径作为微塑料进入水体和缓解的载体的重要性，我们对北美四个地区的农业径流、城市雨水径流、处理后的废水和下游水体进行了采样：萨克拉门托三角洲、密西西比河、安大略湖和切萨皮克湾。每条路径中微塑料的最高浓度因地区而异：萨克拉门托三角洲和密西西比河的农业径流、安大略湖的城市雨水径流以及切萨皮克湾的处理后废水。材料类型是多种多样的，并且在各个途径中并不是唯一的。然而，p < 0.005)，表明纤维是农业径流的标志，处理过的废水和橡胶碎片是雨水的标志。此外，流域特征和颗粒浓度之间的关系在不同流域之间存在差异（例如，农业参数仅在萨克拉门托三角洲很重要）。总体而言，我们的结果表明，当地监测对于告知有效的缓解策略至关重要，并且在监测计划中应优先评估形态组合，以确定重要的污染途径。
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