Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) fruit is one of the most popular vegetables worldwide, as it is widely consumed due to its many nutrients and antioxidants. Fusarium oxysporum and Alternaria alternata are two phytopathogenic fungi that attack tomato in the field and postharvest. To control them, synthetic chemical fungicides are used; however, the fungi develop resistance to them, and they can cause damage to human health and the environment. Therefore, research on plant polyphenolic extracts with fungicidal potential has increased. Flourensia microphylla has shown antifungal activity in vitro against different phytopathogens; however, the extraction process is a main factor affecting this activity. Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) has been reported to increase the bioactivity of plant extracts. Based on the above, the aims of the present study were to evaluate how F. microphylla extract affects polyphenolic composition, antioxidant capacity, and antifungal activity. A total of 9 F. microphylla extracts were obtained by UAE, and a control extract was obtained by conventional extraction. The yield, total phenolic and flavonoid contents (TPC and TFC, respectively), antioxidant activities by three methods, and polyphenol identification by high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) of the extracts were evaluated. The antifungal activity of the extract was evaluated in vitro against F. oxysporum and A. alternata, for which an extract treatment was selected considering the treatment that obtained the highest TFC and antioxidant activity values as a criterion. As a result, three phenolic acids and six flavonoids were detected in the extract treatments: gallic, 4-hydroxybenzoic and ferulic acids, catechin, naringin, quercetin, kaempferol, isorhamentin and chrysin. In addition to reducing the extraction times, the treatment that was selected corresponded to a solvent-to-sample ratio of 40 mL/g and an extraction time of 20 min. The selected extract resulted in an extraction yield of 23.4 g/100 g dry weight (DW), TPC of 252.8 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g DW, and TFC of 435.9 mg quercetin equivalents (QE)/g DW. For antioxidant activities, the 2,2-diphenyl 1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and reducing power values were 74.2, 740.4 mM Trolox/g DW and 33.0 mg ascorbic acid/g DW, respectively. Moreover, the F. microphylla treatment selected inhibited 87.72 % of the mycelial growth of F. oxysporum and 100 % of that of A. alternata, demonstrating fungistatic and fungicidal activity, respectively, in the fungi under study. Thus, the phenolic extract obtained by UAE increased the contents of phenolic compounds, mainly flavonoids, as well as antioxidants, which potentiated the bioactivity of F. microphylla against phytopathogenic fungi. In addition, the antifungal activity could be attributed to the presence of flavonoid compounds identified in the selected polyphenolic extract.

番茄 ( Solanum lycopersicum L.) 水果是世界上最受欢迎的蔬菜之一，因为它具有多种营养成分和抗氧化剂，因此被广泛食用。Fusarium oxysporum和Alternaria alternata是两种植物病原真菌，它们在田间和收获后攻击番茄。为了控制它们，使用合成化学杀菌剂；然而，真菌会对它们产生抗药性，它们会对人类健康和环境造成损害。因此，对具有杀菌潜力的植物多酚提取物的研究有所增加。小叶花在体外对不同的植物病原体显示出抗真菌活性；然而，提取过程是影响这项活动的主要因素。据报道，超声辅助提取 (UAE) 可提高植物提取物的生物活性。基于上述，本研究的目的是评估F. microphylla提取物如何影响多酚成分、抗氧化能力和抗真菌活性。通过UAE共获得9 株小叶蕨提取物，通过常规提取获得对照提取物。产率、总酚和类黄酮对提取物的含量（分别为TPC和TFC）、三种方法的抗氧化活性和高效液相色谱（UHPLC）的多酚鉴定进行了评价。提取物的抗真菌活性在体外对尖孢镰刀菌和A. alternata进行了评估，其中选择提取物处理时考虑获得最高 TFC 和抗氧化活性值的处理作为标准。结果，在提取物处理中检测到三种酚酸和六种黄酮类化合物：没食子酸、4-羟基苯甲酸和阿魏酸、儿茶素、柚皮苷、槲皮素、山奈酚、异鼠李素和白杨素。除了减少萃取时间外，所选择的处理方法对应于 40 mL/g 的溶剂与样品比和 20 分钟的萃取时间。所选提取物的提取率为 23.4 g/100 g 干重 (DW)，TPC 为 252.8 mg 没食子酸当量 (GAE)/g DW，TFC 为 435.9 mg 槲皮素当量 (QE)/g DW。对于抗氧化活性，2,2-二苯基 1-苦基肼 (DPPH)、2,2-叠氮二 (3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸) (ABTS) 和还原能力值为 74.2、740.4 mM Trolox/g DW 和 33.0毫克抗坏血酸/克干重，分别。此外，选择的F. microphylla处理抑制了 87.72 % 的F. oxysporum和 100 % 的A. alternata，分别在所研究的真菌中表现出抑菌和杀真菌活性。因此，阿联酋获得的酚类提取物增加了酚类化合物（主要是类黄酮）和抗氧化剂的含量，从而增强了F. microphylla对植物病原真菌的生物活性。此外，抗真菌活性可归因于在所选多酚提取物中鉴定的黄酮类化合物的存在。