High-performance non-noble metal catalyst development is always the pursuit for the VOCs oxidation. Herein, a multi-defective spinel catalyst was intelligently built with a mechano-chemical strategy by Na assisted milling of NiCo₂O₄, wherein, the incorporation of Ni into the spinel oxide could introduce cationic defects, the etching by Na brought anionic defects, while the milling process fractured the bulk and facilitated the exposure of surface defects. Thereout, the obtained D-NiCo₂O₄ was endowed with a significantly elevated oxygen vacancies, raised active oxygen species, enhanced oxygen mobility and an increased specific surface area. The beneficial features promise D-NiCo₂O₄ a superb activity for propane catalytic oxidation, exhibiting a T₅₀ (temperature at 50% propane conversion) of 187 °C and T₉₀ (temperature at 90% propane conversion) of 194 °C at propane space velocity of 60,000 mL·g⁻¹·h⁻¹, which outperformed that of pristine NiCo₂O₄ and Co₃O₄ catalyst, making itself one of the most outstanding non-noble metal catalysts for propane oxidation. This work set the paradigm to enhance the VOCs oxidation performance of metal oxide catalyst by multi-defects engineering.

高性能非贵金属催化剂的开发一直是VOCs氧化的追求。_{在此，通过Na辅助研磨NiCo 2} O ₄ ，采用机械化学策略智能构建了多缺陷尖晶石催化剂，其中Ni掺入尖晶石氧化物中会引入阳离子缺陷，Na蚀刻带来阴离子缺陷，而铣削过程会破坏块体并促进表面缺陷的暴露。由此，得到的D-NiCo ₂ O ₄具有显着提高的氧空位、增加的活性氧种类、增强的氧迁移率和增加的比表面积。D-NiCo ₂ O _{4的有益特性}丙烷催化氧化的极好活性，在丙烷空速为 60,000 mL·g ^-1时，T ₅₀（50% 丙烷转化率时的温度）为 187 °C，T ₉₀ （90% 丙烷转化率时的温度）为 194 °C ·h ^-1，其性能优于原始的NiCo ₂ O ₄和Co ₃ O ₄催化剂，使其成为最杰出的丙烷氧化非贵金属催化剂之一。这项工作为通过多缺陷工程提高金属氧化物催化剂的 VOCs 氧化性能树立了典范。