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SERS nanotags for folate receptor α detection at the single cell level: discrimination of overexpressing cells and potential for live cell applications
Analyst ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2022-06-22 , DOI: 10.1039/d2an00706a
Alexandre Verdin 1 , Sian Sloan-Dennison 2 , Cedric Malherbe 1 , Duncan Graham 2 , Gauthier Eppe 1
Affiliation  

Folate receptor α (FRα) is a high affinity folate membrane receptor that is overexpressed in a wide variety of cancers. Detecting the overexpression of this receptor is important for cancer cells identification and to potentially guide the choice of treatment since several FRα-targeted drugs are currently in clinical trials. In this work, we built SERS nanotags based on core@shell Au@Ag nanoparticles labelled with resonant Raman-reporter and functionalised with a thiolated PEG linker bearing folic acid at the chain end. Using SERS mapping on single cells, we showed that the nanotags (FR-nanotags) could specifically target FRα on overexpressing HeLa cells and could measure the gradual blocking of FRα by free folic acid introduced in the media along the nanotags. With a control nanotag, we showed that the SERS response was 10-fold higher on HeLa cells when folic acid is present on the PEG linker compared to PEG chains without folic acid. Non-specific binding of the FR-nanotags was demonstrated to be low and mainly caused by the folic acid molecule at the PEG chain end. When comparing cancer cells with different expression levels of FRα, we obtained 4-fold higher SERS response on overexpressing HeLa cells compared to non-overexpressing A549 cells, allowing the discrimination of both cell lines with a high contrast. Owing to the biocompatibility of the developed nanotags, we demonstrated that measurements of FRα on live HeLa cells were also possible and gave similar results to measurements on fixed cells, indicating the versatility of the developed nanotags for detecting FRα under various experimental conditions.

中文翻译:

用于单细胞水平叶酸受体α检测的 SERS 纳米标签:过表达细胞的鉴别和活细胞应用的潜力

叶酸受体 α (FRα) 是一种高亲和力叶酸膜受体,在多种癌症中过度表达。由于几种 FRα 靶向药物目前处于临床试验阶段,因此检测该受体的过表达对于癌细胞鉴定和潜在指导治疗选择很重要。在这项工作中,我们构建了基于核@壳 Au@Ag 纳米粒子的 SERS 纳米标签,该纳米粒子用共振拉曼报告分子标记,并用链端带有叶酸的硫醇化 PEG 接头进行功能化。使用单细胞上的 SERS 映射,我们发现纳米标签 (FR-nanotags) 可以特异性地针对过度表达的 HeLa 细胞上的 FRα,并且可以测量沿纳米标签在培养基中引入的游离叶酸对 FRα 的逐渐阻断。使用对照纳米标签,我们发现,与没有叶酸的 PEG 链相比,当 PEG 接头上存在叶酸时,HeLa 细胞的 SERS 响应高 10 倍。FR-nanotags 的非特异性结合被证明是低的,主要是由 PEG 链末端的叶酸分子引起的。当比较具有不同 FRα 表达水平的癌细胞时,与非过表达的 A549 细胞相比,我们对过表达的 HeLa 细胞的 SERS 响应高出 4 倍,从而能够以高对比度区分两种细胞系。由于开发的纳米标签的生物相容性,我们证明了在活 HeLa 细胞上测量 FRα 也是可能的,并且与固定细胞的测量结果相似,表明开发的纳米标签在各种实验条件下检测 FRα 的多功能性。
更新日期:2022-06-22
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