An Encapsulation-Based Sodium Storage via Zn-Single-Atom Implanted Carbon Nanotubes,Advanced Materials

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An Encapsulation-Based Sodium Storage via Zn-Single-Atom Implanted Carbon Nanotubes
Advanced Materials ( IF 27.4 ) Pub Date : 2022-06-21 , DOI: 10.1002/adma.202202898
Xin Li ₁ , Weibin Ye ₂ , Pan Xu ₁ , Haihong Huang ₁ , Jingmin Fan ₁ , Ruming Yuan ₁ , Ming-Sen Zheng _{1,

3} , Ming-Sheng Wang ₂ , Quanfeng Dong _{1,

3}

Affiliation

The properties of high theoretical capacity, low cost, and large potential of metallic sodium (Na) has strongly promoted the development of rechargeable sodium-based batteries. However, the issues of infinite volume variation, unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), and dendritic sodium causes a rapid decline in performance and notorious safety hazards. Herein, a highly reversible encapsulation-based sodium storage by designing a functional hollow carbon nanotube with Zn single atom sites embedded in the carbon shell (Zn_SA-HCNT) is achieved. The appropriate tube space can encapsulate bulk sodium inside; the inner enriched Zn_SA sites provide abundant sodiophilic sites, which can evidently reduce the nucleation barrier of Na deposition. Moreover, the carbon shell derived from ZIF-8 provides geometric constraints and excellent ion/electron transport channels for the rapid transfer of Na⁺ due to its pore-rich shell, which can be revealed by in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM). As expected, Na@Zn_SA-HCNT anodes present steady long-term performance in symmetrical battery (>900 h at 10 mA cm⁻²). Moreover, superior electrochemical performance of Na@Zn_SA-HCNT||PB full cells can be delivered. This work develops a new strategy based on carbon nanotube encapsulation of metallic sodium, which improves the safety and cycling performance of sodium metal anode.

中文翻译：

通过锌单原子植入碳纳米管封装的钠储存

金属钠（Na）的高理论容量、低成本和大潜力等特性有力地推动了可充电钠基电池的发展。然而，无限体积变化、不稳定的固体电解质界面 (SEI) 和树枝状钠等问题会导致性能迅速下降和臭名昭著的安全隐患。_{在此，通过设计具有嵌入碳壳（Zn SA} -HCNT）中的Zn单原子位点的功能性中空碳纳米管，实现了高度可逆的基于封装的钠存储。适当的管空间可以将散装的钠包裹在里面；内部富集的 Zn _SA位提供丰富的亲钠位点，可以明显降低钠沉积的成核势垒。^{此外，源自 ZIF-8 的碳壳由于其富含孔的壳为 Na +}的快速转移提供了几何约束和出色的离子/电子传输通道，这可以通过原位透射电子显微镜 (TEM) 揭示。正如预期的那样，Na@Zn _SA -HCNT 负极在对称电池中表现出稳定的长期性能（在 10 mA cm ^-2下 > 900 小时）。此外，Na@Zn _SA -HCNT||PB 全电池还具有优异的电化学性能。这项工作开发了一种基于碳纳米管封装金属钠的新策略，提高了钠金属负极的安全性和循环性能。

更新日期：2022-06-21

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