Graphene-based materials with novel properties are widely applied in energy storage fields. In the last two decades, various methods have been used to prepare graphene-based materials, in which the supercritical fluid (SCF) technology exhibits unique advantages. This review summarizes the advantages of SCF technology in preparing graphene-based materials and their applications in energy storage systems. Firstly, the fundamental properties of graphene, graphene oxide (GO), and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) are introduced. Then, the SCF exfoliation, deposition, doping, and drying process in graphene-based materials are presented. In the last section, the performance of graphene-based materials in supercapacitors, Lithium-ion batteries, Sodium-ion batteries, fuel cells, and thermal storage systems are overviewed, respectively. This review reveals that the SCF technology can produce graphene-based materials with unique properties and would promote their applications in energy storage.

具有新颖性能的石墨烯基材料广泛应用于储能领域。在过去的二十年里，各种方法被用于制备石墨烯基材料，其中超临界流体（SCF）技术表现出独特的优势。本综述总结了 SCF 技术在制备石墨烯基材料方面的优势及其在储能系统中的应用。首先介绍了石墨烯、氧化石墨烯（GO）和还原氧化石墨烯（rGO）的基本性质。然后，介绍了石墨烯基材料中的 SCF 剥离、沉积、掺杂和干燥过程。在最后一节中，分别概述了石墨烯基材料在超级电容器、锂离子电池、钠离子电池、燃料电池和储热系统中的性能。