Most deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH) children are born to hearing parents and steered toward spoken rather than signed language, introducing a delay in language access. This study investigated the effects of this delay on number acquisition. DHH children (N = 44, mean_age = 58 months, 21F, >50% White) and typically-hearing (TH) children (N = 79, mean_age = 49 months, 51F, >50% White) were assessed on number and language in 2011–13. DHH children showed similar trajectories to TH children but delayed timing; a binary logistic regression showed that the odds of being a cardinal-principle (CP) knower were 17 times higher for TH children than DHH children, controlling for age (d = .69). Language fully mediated the association between deaf/hearing group and number knowledge, suggesting that language access sets the pace for number acquisition.

中文翻译：

---

聋哑儿童口语早期计算能力的发展

大多数失聪和听力障碍 (DHH) 的孩子都是听力正常的父母所生，他们倾向于口语而不是手语，从而导致语言访问延迟。本研究调查了这种延迟对数字获取的影响。DHH 儿童（N  = 44，平均_年龄 = 58 个月，21F，>50% 白人）和正常听力 (TH) 儿童（N  = 79，平均_年龄 = 49 个月，51F，>50% 白人）在数量上进行了评估和 2011-13 年的语言。DHH儿童表现出与TH儿童相似的轨迹，但时间延迟；二元逻辑回归显示，在控制年龄（d = .69)。语言完全中介了聋人/听力群体与数字知识之间的关联，这表明语言访问决定了数字获取的步伐。