Transition metal (TM) ion activated phosphors are increasingly being used as probes for luminescence thermometry. Their luminescence is characterized by strong absorption and emission bands that span the visible and near-infrared spectral ranges and are highly susceptible to temperature variations. Due to the latter characteristic, sensitive and reliable remote temperature measurements can be performed by observing temperature-induced changes in TM ion emission intensities, emission bandwidths and bandshifts, and excited state lifetimes, as well as the temperature dependences of the intensity ratios between various emission bands in single or double activated phosphors. This review provides a systematic analysis of the performances of luminescent thermometers based on different TM ions and discusses the relations among the TM spectroscopic properties, characteristics of the host material structure, and thermometric performance. Particular attention is given to the engineering of energy transfer between TM and other dopant ions to obtain highly sensitive thermometers. Finally, several typical application examples from recent literature are highlighted.

过渡金属 (TM) 离子活化磷光体越来越多地用作发光测温的探针。它们的发光特点是强吸收和发射波段，跨越可见光和近红外光谱范围，并且对温度变化高度敏感。由于后一种特性，可以通过观察温度引起的 TM 离子发射强度、发射带宽和带移、激发态寿命的变化以及各种发射之间的强度比的温度依赖性来进行灵敏和可靠的远程温度测量单激活或双激活荧光粉中的波段。本综述系统分析了基于不同TM离子的发光温度计的性能，并讨论了TM光谱特性、主体材料结构特征和测温性能之间的关系。特别关注 TM 和其他掺杂离子之间的能量转移工程，以获得高灵敏度的温度计。最后，重点介绍了近期文献中的几个典型应用示例。