Cardiometabolic diseases, including hypertension, may result from exposure to high sugar diets during critical periods of development. Here, we studied the effect of sucrose ingestion during a critical period (CP) between postnatal days 12 and 28 of the rat on blood pressure, aortic histology, vascular smooth muscle phenotype, expression of metalloproteinases 2 and 9, and vascular contractility in adult rats and compared it with those of adult rats that received sucrose for 6 months and developed metabolic syndrome (MS). Blood pressure increased to a similar level in CP and MS rats. The diameter of lumen, media, and adventitia of aortas from CP rats was decreased. Muscle fibers were discontinuous. There was a decrease in the expression of alpha-actin in CP and MS rat aortas, suggesting a change to the secretory phenotype in vascular smooth muscle. Metalloproteinases 2 and 9 were decreased in CP and MS rats, suggesting that phenotype remains in an altered steady stationary state with little interchange of the vessel matrix. Aortic contraction to norepinephrine did not change, but aortic relaxation was diminished in CP and MS aortas. In conclusion, high sugar diets during the CP increase predisposition to hypertension in adults.

中文翻译：

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在血管发育的关键时期摄入高蔗糖促进血管平滑肌细胞的合成表型并改变导致成年大鼠高血压的血管收缩力

心脏代谢疾病，包括高血压，可能是由于在发育的关键时期暴露于高糖饮食所致。在这里，我们研究了在大鼠出生后第 12 天和第 28 天之间的关键时期 (CP) 摄入蔗糖对成年大鼠血压、主动脉组织学、血管平滑肌表型、金属蛋白酶 2 和 9 的表达以及血管收缩力的影响并将其与接受蔗糖 6 个月并出现代谢综合征 (MS) 的成年大鼠进行比较。CP 和 MS 大鼠的血压升高到相似的水平。CP大鼠主动脉管腔、中膜和外膜的直径减小。肌肉纤维不连续。CP和MS大鼠主动脉中α-肌动蛋白的表达减少，表明血管平滑肌的分泌表型发生了变化。金属蛋白酶 2 和 9 在 CP 和 MS 大鼠中降低，表明表型保持在改变的稳定静止状态，几乎没有血管基质的交换。去甲肾上腺素的主动脉收缩没有改变，但 CP 和 MS 主动脉的主动脉舒张减少。总之，CP 期间的高糖饮食会增加成人高血压的易感性。