This work aimed at studying a composite material for shoe assembly insole using polyester fabric waste (PFW) from the footwear industry. For the preparation of the composites, polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) was employed as the polymeric matrix, with 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% in weight of PFW in the formulations and compared with a standard formulation without PFW. The samples were characterized via physical–chemical (moisture content, bulk density, and growth/shrinkage) and mechanical (break, tensile and dry, and wet tear) analyses, and also by scanning electron microscopy. The PVAc/PFW 5% and 10% composites showed satisfactory results in all tests performed. They reached 9.99 and 9.09 MPa tensile strength, respectively, twice the minimum acceptable (5 MPa), and 1.13 and 1.07 N/mm dry tear strength, also higher than required (1.0 N/mm). The better results for the samples with less PFW were justified by the lower tendency to produce agglomerates during the molding and compaction production stages. Compared with commercial materials commonly used in shoes, these samples met all specifications and showed the technical feasibility of reusing PFW in assembly insoles.

中文翻译：

---

用于鞋垫组装的复合材料，基于制鞋业的聚醋酸乙烯酯和聚酯织物废料

这项工作旨在研究使用制鞋业的聚酯织物废料 (PFW) 用于鞋垫的复合材料。对于复合材料的制备，采用聚醋酸乙烯酯 (PVAc) 作为聚合物基体，配方中 PFW 的重量百分比分别为 5%、10%、15% 和 20%，并与不含 PFW 的标准配方进行比较。通过物理化学（水分含量、体积密度和生长/收缩）和机械（断裂、拉伸和干燥以及湿撕裂）分析以及扫描电子显微镜对样品进行表征。PVAc/PFW 5% 和 10% 复合材料在所进行的所有测试中均显示出令人满意的结果。它们分别达到了 9.99 和 9.09 MPa 的拉伸强度，是可接受的最小值 (5 MPa) 的两倍，以及 1.13 和 1.07 N/mm 的干撕裂强度，也高于要求的 (1.0 N/mm)。具有较少 PFW 的样品的较好结果证明了在成型和压实生产阶段产生结块的倾向较低。与鞋类常用的商业材料相比，这些样品符合所有规格，并显示了在组装鞋垫中重复使用 PFW 的技术可行性。