It is urgent to explore non-noble metal electrocatalysts with high efficiency and durability for oxygen evolution reaction (OER), which is key to a spectrum of sustainable energy technologies. The electronic regulation via foreign ion/atom doping presents a valid route to improve the intrinsic activity of earth-abundant electrocatalysts. In this research, a facile and cost-effective self-assembly strategy is developed to fabricate the vanadium-doped nickel phosphide electrocatalysts (V-Ni₂P) with a three-dimensional nanosheets structure. Then the effect of initial vanadium concentration on the morphology and properties of the target catalyst is investigated. It is found that the V-Ni₂P electrocatalyst obtained at the NH₄VO₃ concentration of 1 mg mL⁻¹ only requires a low overpotential of 228 mV to afford an OER current density of 80 mA cm⁻², with a Tafel slope of 76 mV dec^–1 and excellent electrocatalytic stability. On the other hand, enhanced hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance can also be acquired based on this unique structure under alkaline conditions. Finally, a water electrolysis device is assembled using V-Ni₂P as the cathode and anode materials. To afford a current density of 50 mA cm⁻², this device only needs a small voltage of 1.65 V, suggesting the potential of V-Ni₂P as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for overall water splitting. This study provides a reference for the preparation of a highly active electrocatalyst with controllable composition and microstructure.

迫切需要探索具有高效和耐用性的非贵金属电催化剂用于析氧反应（OER），这是一系列可持续能源技术的关键。通过外来离子/原子掺杂的电子调节为提高地球丰富的电催化剂的内在活性提供了一条有效途径。在这项研究中，开发了一种简便且具有成本效益的自组装策略来制造具有三维纳米片结构的钒掺杂磷化镍电催化剂（V-Ni _{2 P）。}然后研究了初始钒浓度对目标催化剂形貌和性能的影响。发现在NH ₄ VO _{3处获得的V-Ni 2} P 电催化剂1 mg mL ^-1的浓度仅需要 228 mV 的低过电势即可提供 80 mA cm ^-2的 OER 电流密度，具有 76 mV dec ^-1的 Tafel 斜率和出色的电催化稳定性。另一方面，基于这种独特的结构，在碱性条件下也可以获得增强的析氢反应（HER）性能。_{最后，以V-Ni 2} P为正极和负极材料组装了水电解装置。为了提供 50 mA cm ^-2的电流密度，该器件仅需要 1.65 V 的小电压，这表明 V-Ni _2的潜力P 作为用于整体水分解的双功能电催化剂。该研究为制备组成和微观结构可控的高活性电催化剂提供了参考。