Mislabelling the geographic origin of same-species aquaculture products is difficult to identify. This study applied untargeted small-molecule fingerprinting to discriminating between Atlantic salmon originating from Chile and Norway. The acquired liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry data from Chilean (n = 32) and Norwegian (n = 29) salmon were chemometrically processed. The partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) models successfully discriminated between Chilean and Norwegian salmon at both positive and negative ionisation modes (R² > 0.96, Q² > 0.81). Univariate analyses facilitated the selection of approximately 100 candidate markers with high statistical confidence (> 95%). Of these, 37 confirmed markers of Chilean and Norwegian salmon were primarily associated with feed formulations, including lipid derivatives and feed additives. None of the markers were residues or contaminants of potential food safety concern.

对同种水产养殖产品的地理原产地贴错标签很难识别。该研究应用非靶向小分子指纹识别来自智利和挪威的大西洋鲑鱼。从智利（n = 32）和挪威（n = 29）鲑鱼获得的液相色谱-高分辨率质谱数据进行了化学计量处理。偏最小二乘判别分析 (PLS-DA) 模型在正电离模式和负电离模式下成功区分智利和挪威鲑鱼 (R ² > 0.96, Q ²> 0.81)。单变量分析有助于选择大约 100 个具有高统计置信度 (> 95%) 的候选标记。其中，37 种已确认的智利和挪威鲑鱼标志物主要与饲料配方有关，包括脂质衍生物和饲料添加剂。没有一个标记物是潜在食品安全问题的残留物或污染物。