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Extending Lactation Length: Consequences for Cow, Calf and Farmer
Journal of Animal Science ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2022-06-20 , DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac220
Ariette T M van Knegsel 1 , Eline E A Burgers 1, 2 , Junnan Ma 1 , Roselinde M A Goselink 2 , Akke Kok 1
Affiliation  

Traditionally, a 1-year calving interval is advised to farmers from an economical point of view, to realize a yearly peak in milk yield. A 1-year calving interval, however, implies a yearly event of drying-off, calving and start of lactation, which are all associated with an increased risk for diseases and disorders. Deliberately extending the lactation length by extending the voluntary waiting period for first insemination (VWP) reduces the frequency of these challenging events. This reduction in frequency of calvings can be beneficial for cow health and fertility, but also can be of interest to reduce the number of surplus calves and labor associated with drying off, calving and disease treatments. Current concerns with respect to an extended lactation are that milk yield is too low in late lactation, which might be associated with an increased risk of fattening of cows in late lactation, and compromised economic returns at herd level. In addition, limited knowledge is available with respect to consequences for cow performance in the subsequent lactation and for calves born to cows with an extended lactation. Moreover, response of dairy cows to an extended VWP depend on individual cow characteristics like parity, milk yield level or body condition. A customized strategy based on individual cow characteristics can be a future approach to select high-producing cows with persistent lactation curves for an extended lactation to limit the risk for fattening and milk yield reduction at the end of the lactation while benefitting from a reduction in challenging events around calving.

中文翻译:

延长泌乳期:奶牛、小牛和农民的后果

传统上,从经济角度建议奶农间隔 1 年产犊,以实现产奶量的年度峰值。然而,1 年的产犊间隔意味着每年都会发生干燥、产犊和泌乳开始,这些都与疾病和紊乱的风险增加有关。通过延长首次授精的自愿等待期 (VWP) 故意延长泌乳期可减少这些具有挑战性的事件的发生频率。这种产犊频率的减少对奶牛的健康和生育能力是有益的,但对于减少与晒干、产犊和疾病治疗相关的多余犊牛和劳动力的数量也是有意义的。目前对延长泌乳期的担忧是泌乳后期的产奶量太低,这可能与泌乳后期奶牛育肥风险增加有关,并损害畜群水平的经济回报。此外,关于奶牛在随后的泌乳中的表现以及对泌乳期延长的奶牛所生小牛的影响的知识有限。此外,奶牛对延长 VWP 的反应取决于个体奶牛的特征,如胎次、产奶量水平或身体状况。基于个体奶牛特征的定制策略可能是未来选择具有持续泌乳曲线以延长泌乳期的高产奶牛的方法,以限制泌乳结束时育肥和产奶量减少的风险,同时受益于挑战的减少产犊周围的事件。并损害了畜群水平的经济回报。此外,关于奶牛在随后的泌乳中的表现以及对泌乳期延长的奶牛所生小牛的影响的知识有限。此外,奶牛对延长 VWP 的反应取决于个体奶牛的特征,如胎次、产奶量水平或身体状况。基于个体奶牛特征的定制策略可能是未来选择具有持续泌乳曲线以延长泌乳期的高产奶牛的方法,以限制泌乳结束时育肥和产奶量减少的风险,同时受益于挑战的减少产犊周围的事件。并损害了畜群水平的经济回报。此外,关于奶牛在随后的泌乳中的表现以及对泌乳期延长的奶牛所生小牛的影响的知识有限。此外,奶牛对延长 VWP 的反应取决于个体奶牛的特征,如胎次、产奶量水平或身体状况。基于个体奶牛特征的定制策略可能是未来选择具有持续泌乳曲线以延长泌乳期的高产奶牛的方法,以限制泌乳结束时育肥和产奶量减少的风险,同时受益于挑战的减少产犊周围的事件。关于后续泌乳期奶牛生产性能和泌乳期延长奶牛所产小牛的影响,目前所知有限。此外,奶牛对延长 VWP 的反应取决于个体奶牛的特征,如胎次、产奶量水平或身体状况。基于个体奶牛特征的定制策略可能是未来选择具有持续泌乳曲线以延长泌乳期的高产奶牛的方法,以限制泌乳结束时育肥和产奶量减少的风险,同时受益于挑战的减少产犊周围的事件。关于后续泌乳期奶牛生产性能和泌乳期延长奶牛所产小牛的影响,目前所知有限。此外,奶牛对延长 VWP 的反应取决于个体奶牛的特征,如胎次、产奶量水平或身体状况。基于个体奶牛特征的定制策略可能是未来选择具有持续泌乳曲线以延长泌乳期的高产奶牛的方法,以限制泌乳结束时育肥和产奶量减少的风险,同时受益于挑战的减少产犊周围的事件。
更新日期:2022-06-20
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