Ordered porous films of polymers with uniform pore size and ordered porous structure are extensively applied in many fields such as separation, biology, photoelectric devices, templates, and other fields, which is the current research frontier in the field of porous films. Among different methods of preparing ordered porous films, the method of breath figure (BF) has attracted much attention due to its simplicity and adjustability. Many factors have been proved to influence the structure of the porous films by the BF method and the used polymer is the most important one. Recently, under the background of energy crisis and environmental pollution, polymers from biomass have received a lot of attention because of their advantages of low carbon, green, good biocompatibility, and easy modification. Up to now, a large number of porous films of biomass-based polymers including cellulose, polylactic acid, and urushiol-based polymers have been prepared by the BF method. Therefore, this article is to make a detailed review of the physicochemical modification of biomass-based polymers, the preparation of ordered porous films via BF and their applications. The method of BF is firstly introduced. The research progress of porous films of biomass-based polymers including cellulose, polylactic acid, and urushiol-based polymers prepared by the BF method is then reviewed. Finally, this review highlights the use of honeycomb films as cell culture substrates, drug delivery, wound dressings, optoelectronic devices and mimicking woody cell walls. The prospects for the development of porous films of biomass-based polymers are proposed. Future research could focus on the preparation of ordered, functional, and biocompatible porous films with smaller pore sizes for more applications in different fields, such as separation, tissue engineering, and controlled release of drugs.

Graphic abstract

Ordered porous films of biomass-based polymers via physical and chemical modification would be prepared by the breath figure method for different applications.

中文翻译：

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基于呼吸图的生物质基聚合物有序多孔膜：综述

具有均匀孔径和有序多孔结构的聚合物有序多孔薄膜广泛应用于分离、生物、光电器件、模板等诸多领域，是目前多孔薄膜领域的研究前沿。在制备有序多孔薄膜的不同方法中，呼吸图（BF）法由于其简单性和可调节性而备受关注。BF法已证明影响多孔薄膜结构的因素有很多，其中使用的聚合物是最重要的因素。近年来，在能源危机和环境污染的背景下，生物质聚合物以其低碳、绿色、生物相容性好、易改性等优点受到广泛关注。到现在，BF 法制备了大量的生物质基聚合物多孔膜，包括纤维素、聚乳酸和漆酚基聚合物。因此，本文对生物质基聚合物的物理化学改性、BF制备有序多孔薄膜及其应用进行了详细综述。首先介绍BF的方法。综述了BF法制备的纤维素、聚乳酸和漆酚基聚合物等生物质基聚合物多孔膜的研究进展。最后，本综述重点介绍了蜂窝膜作为细胞培养基质、药物输送、伤口敷料、光电器件和模拟木质细胞壁的用途。提出了生物质基聚合物多孔薄膜的发展前景。

图形摘要

通过物理和化学改性的生物质基聚合物的有序多孔薄膜将通过呼吸图法制备用于不同的应用。