Abstract

This paper shows the results of hydrothermal carbonization of biomass from seven different crops used as biofuel: wheat straw, soybean straw, corn cob, corn stalk, sunflower stalk, walnut shell, and hazelnut shell. The hydrothermal carbonization process was investigated at 200 and 250°C reaction temperatures, a pressure of 8.0 MPa, and 120 minutes of process duration. The obtained dry hydrochar was characterized. The hydrothermal carbonization process increased carbon and decreased oxygen and, to a lesser extent, hydrogen. Higher heating value of hydrochar increased compared to the feedstock. The hydrothermal carbonization process influenced the increase in the share of ash and bulk density. At lower process temperature, a higher mass yield of hydrochar was obtained. The color of the hydrochar correlated with carbon content; lower process temperatures gave brown lignocellulosic color, and higher temperatures resulted in charcoal black. Depending on the raw material, hydrochar was improved in terms of its basic composition and heating value, and it showed to have the potential to be used in coal dust combustion plants.

中文翻译：

---

农业生物质的水热碳化：用于能源生产的水炭表征

摘要

本文展示了七种不同作物用作生物燃料的生物质的水热碳化结果：小麦秸秆、大豆秸秆、玉米芯、玉米秸秆、向日葵秸秆、核桃壳和榛子壳。在 200 和 250°C 的反应温度、8.0 MPa 的压力和 120 分钟的工艺持续时间下研究了水热碳化过程。对获得的干水炭进行表征。水热碳化过程增加了碳并减少了氧气，并且在较小程度上减少了氢气。与原料相比，水炭的较高热值增加。水热碳化过程影响了灰分和体积密度份额的增加。在较低的工艺温度下，获得了较高的水炭质量产率。水炭的颜色与碳含量相关；较低的工艺温度产生棕色木质纤维素，而较高的温度产生炭黑。根据原料的不同，水炭的基本成分和热值都得到了改善，具有在煤尘燃烧装置中使用的潜力。