Soil compaction caused by intense machine traffic is a challenge in the sugarcane production system, but its implications can be mitigated by the higher content of soil organic matter and plant root growth provided by conservation management practices (i.e., no-tillage). Thus, we aim to study the impacts of tillage systems on the soil physical attributes, root system and yield of sugarcane propagated by pre-sprouted seedlings. Sugarcane was cultivated under four tillage systems: conventional tillage with harrow (CT); conventional tillage with harrow and subsoiling (CTS), minimum tillage with ® equipment (MT) and no-tillage on soybean residue (NT). Soil parameters (soil bulk density, porosity and organic carbon contents) in the 0–60 cm layer, root system (root area and root dry biomass) in the 0–100 cm layer and sugarcane yield were evaluated from 2017 to 2019 during the cane-plant and first-ratoon cane cycles. The no-tillage system showed the highest yields of stalks, biomass and root area of sugarcane even with the highest values of soil penetration resistance and soil bulk density between the rows. The system with ® presented the lowest yields of sugarcane stalks. No-tillage had the highest organic carbon content in the topsoil compared to the other tillage systems. The sugarcane yield showed a positive linear relationship with root biomass accumulated in 0–100 cm soil layer. Sugarcane cultivation under no-tillage system provided gains of 15 Mg ha in productivity and higher root dry biomass of the cane-plant cycle in the 0–20 cm soil layer. It also preserves the physical attributes of the soil, increases the soil organic carbon content and favours the increase in the yield and root biomass of sugarcane in both cane-plant and first ratoon cane.

中文翻译：

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耕作系统对土壤物理属性、甘蔗产量和预发芽幼苗繁殖根系的影响


密集的机器运输造成的土壤压实是甘蔗生产系统中的一个挑战，但其影响可以通过保护管理实践（即免耕）提供的更高的土壤有机质含量和植物根系生长来减轻。因此，我们的目的是研究耕作制度对土壤物理属性、根系和预发芽苗繁殖甘蔗产量的影响。甘蔗在四种耕作系统下种植：常规耙耕（CT）；耙深松传统耕作 (CTS)、使用 ® 设备少耕 (MT) 以及豆渣免耕 (NT)。评估2017年至2019年甘蔗种植期间0~60 cm层土壤参数（土壤容重、孔隙度和有机碳含量）、0~100 cm层根系（根面积和根干生物量）以及甘蔗产量。 -植物和第一再生甘蔗周期。免耕系统显示出最高的甘蔗茎产量、生物量和根面积，即使土壤渗透阻力和行间土壤容重值最高。带有 ® 的系统呈现出最低的甘蔗秆产量。与其他耕作系统相比，免耕的表土有机碳含量最高。甘蔗产量与0~100 cm土层根系生物量积累呈正线性关系。免耕系统下的甘蔗种植可提高 15 毫克公顷的生产力，并在 0-20 厘米土层中提高甘蔗-植物循环的根干生物量。它还保留了土壤的物理属性，增加了土壤有机碳含量，有利于甘蔗和宿根甘蔗产量和根系生物量的增加。