Designing a green method to enhance the utilization of photocatalysts on solar energy was of great significance to alleviate energy problems. The porous ZnO-based catalysts with different valence copper (CuO−ZnO_Cel-T and Cu−ZnO_Cel-T) were successfully obtained by using cellulose fibers as templates, which possessed three-dimensional structures and excellent photocatalytic activities. The dispersibility of CuO−ZnO_Cel-T nanoparticle was influenced by surface groups of cellulose template, the more active sites of composite catalyst were exposed than CuO−ZnO catalysts with carbon fiber as the template and CuO−ZnO powders without any template. Moreover, to explore the effects of different valence states of Cu on the photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanoparticles, wheat straw was used to reduce CuO−ZnO_Cel-T to Cu−ZnO_Cel-T by using pyrolysis reduction treatment of wheat straw. The CO production rate of Cu−ZnO_Cel-T (30.17 µmol*g⁻¹h⁻¹) was significantly higher than CuO−ZnO_Cel-T (8.61 µmol*g⁻¹h⁻¹) based on the same catalyst morphologies, indicating that the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect of Cu was more favorable for improving catalytic activities of ZnO than the structure effect of CuO−ZnO_Cel-T heterojunction. This work proposed an exciting idea for using biomass materials to tailor the photocatalytic performance of catalysts and reduce copper ions in a cleaner method.

设计一种绿色方法来提高光催化剂对太阳能的利用率，对于缓解能源问题具有重要意义。以纤维素纤维为模板，成功制备了具有三维结构和优异光催化活性的不同价态铜的多孔ZnO基催化剂（CuO-ZnO _Cel-T和Cu-ZnO _{Cel-T ）。}CuO−ZnO _{Cel-T的分散性}纳米颗粒受纤维素模板表面基团的影响，复合催化剂的活性位点比以碳纤维为模板的 CuO-ZnO 催化剂和没有任何模板的 CuO-ZnO 粉末暴露的活性位点更多。此外，为了探究不同价态的Cu对ZnO纳米粒子光催化活性的影响，采用小麦秸秆热解还原处理，将CuO-ZnO _Cel-T还原为Cu-ZnO _Cel-T。_{Cu-ZnO Cel-T} (30.17 µmol*g ^-1 h ^-1 )的CO 产率明显高于CuO-ZnO _Cel-T (8.61 µmol*g ^-1 h ^{-1 )}）基于相同的催化剂形态，表明Cu的表面等离子共振（SPR）效应比CuO-ZnO _Cel-T异质结的结构效应更有利于提高ZnO的催化活性。这项工作提出了一个令人兴奋的想法，即使用生物质材料来定制催化剂的光催化性能并以更清洁的方法减少铜离子。