Biogas is an increasingly attractive renewable resource that needs to be upgraded to meet either the natural gas pipeline quality or the biomethane requirement. The use of carbon membranes is a promising alternative to conventional separation technologies, but, up to now, few attempts have been made to systematically investigate their separation performance under real biogas upgrading conditions, for instance, the presence of water vapor and H₂S in the feed stream.

In this work, for the first time in literature, the separation performances of as-prepared cellulose-based carbon hollow fiber membranes were monitored for 183 days under continuous exposure to a gas stream also containing H₂S and/or water vapor. After the evaluation of their CO₂ and CH₄ sorption (2,98 mmol g⁻¹ and 2,00 mmol g⁻¹, respectively at 298 K and 10 bar), diffusion(2.45 × 10^-7 cm² s⁻¹ for CO₂), and permeation properties (120.9 and 2.3 barrer, respectively at 308 K) with single gases, long-term tests were carried out by feeding gas mixtures with typical biogas composition. It was found that the exposure of the membranes to H₂S (up to 500 ppm) and water vapor (relative humidity of 90%) provoked a reduction of CO₂ and CH₄ permeability compared to the “clean and dry” mixed gas, which resulted in an increment of selectivity, which reached a value of more than 200. Overall, after more than 180 days of continuous testing, the membranes exhibited remarkable CO₂/CH₄ selectivity with endurability of the H₂S and water vapor, confirming the fact of being good candidates for biogas upgrading.

沼气是一种越来越有吸引力的可再生资源，需要对其进行升级以满足天然气管道质量或生物甲烷的要求。碳膜的使用是传统分离技术的一种很有前景的替代品，但到目前为止，很少有人尝试系统地研究它们在真实沼气提质条件下的分离性能，例如水蒸气和 H ₂ S的存在。进料流。

在这项工作中，文献中首次对所制备的纤维素基碳中空纤维膜的分离性能进行了 183 天的连续暴露于同样含有 H ₂ S 和/或水蒸气的气流中的监测。在评估了它们的 CO ₂和 CH ₄吸附（2.98 mmol g ^-1和 2.00 mmol g ^-1，分别在 298 K 和 10 bar）后，扩散（2.45 × 10 ^-7 cm ² s ^-1 for二氧化碳₂）和单一气体的渗透特性（分别在 308 K 时为 120.9 和 2.3 barrer），通过供给具有典型沼气成分的气体混合物进行长期测试。发现与“清洁和干燥”混合气体相比，膜暴露于 H ₂ S（高达 500 ppm）和水蒸气（相对湿度为 90%）会导致 CO ₂和 CH ₄渗透性降低，这导致选择性增加，达到超过 200 的值。总体而言，经过 180 多天的连续测试，膜表现出显着的 CO ₂ /CH ₄选择性和 H _{2的耐受性}S 和水蒸气，证实了作为沼气升级的良好候选者的事实。