When we see a piece of art or an archaeological object for the first time, a painting, a jewel, a sculpture or merely a simple piece of pottery on display in a museum or in an exhibition, we might be fascinated by its beauty or by its simplicity. However, many questions often arise in connection with such items on display, about its origin, its context, its provenance, its authenticity. Finding complete answers is a fully interdisciplinary task between art, humanities and natural sciences. With respect to the contribution from natural science, it often needs the application of just the best methods and techniques out of a multitude of possible options. Starting from a simple visual inspection with or without a magnifying glass the techniques reach up to highly sophisticated and advanced methods developed in atomic physics, nuclear physics and chemistry, such as available at large scale facilities, and even biophysics. In the following, a condensed review is presented on recent research on cultural heritage objects using various radiation techniques.

当我们第一次在博物馆或展览中看到一件艺术品或一件考古物品、一幅画、一件珠宝、一件雕塑或仅仅是一件简单的陶器时，我们可能会被它的美丽或它的简单性。然而，与展出的此类物品有关的许多问题经常出现，包括其起源、背景、出处和真实性。寻找完整的答案是艺术、人文和自然科学之间完全跨学科的任务。关于自然科学的贡献，它往往需要从众多可能的选择中应用最好的方法和技术。从使用或不使用放大镜的简单目视检查开始，技术达到原子物理学中开发的高度复杂和先进的方法，核物理和化学，例如在大型设施中可用，甚至是生物物理学。在下文中，简要回顾了最近使用各种辐射技术对文化遗产对象进行的研究。