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Altering Thermal Transformation Pathway to Create Closed Pores in Coal-Derived Hard Carbon and Boosting of Na+ Plateau Storage for High-Performance Sodium-Ion Battery and Sodium-Ion Capacitor
Advanced Functional Materials ( IF 18.5 ) Pub Date : 2022-06-16 , DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202203725 Kunfang Wang 1 , Fei Sun 1 , Hua Wang 1 , Dongyang Wu 1 , Yuxin Chao 1 , Jihui Gao 1 , Guangbo Zhao 1
Advanced Functional Materials ( IF 18.5 ) Pub Date : 2022-06-16 , DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202203725 Kunfang Wang 1 , Fei Sun 1 , Hua Wang 1 , Dongyang Wu 1 , Yuxin Chao 1 , Jihui Gao 1 , Guangbo Zhao 1
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Coal features low-cost and high carbon yield and is considered as a promising precursor for carbon anode of sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) and sodium-ion capacitors (SICs). Regulation of microcrystalline state and pore configuration of coal structure during thermal transformation is key to boost Na+ storage behavior. Herein, a facile strategy is reported to create abundant closed pores in anthracite-derived carbon that greatly improves Na+ plateau storage. An altered thermal transformation pathway of chemical activation followed by high-temperature carbonization is adopted to achieve the conversion of open nanopores and ordered carbon crystallite into closed pores surrounded by short-range carbon structures. The optimized sample delivers a large reversible capacity of 308 mAh g–1 that is dominantly contributed by the low-voltage plateau process. Experimental results reveal the enhanced pore-filling mechanism in the developed closed pores. Benefitting from the improved plateau behavior, the constructed SIB delivers a high-energy density of 231.2 Wh kg–1 with an average voltage of 3.22 V; the assembled full-carbon SIC shows high energy and power densities (101.8 Wh kg–1 and 2.9 kW kg–1). This work provides a universal thermal transformation approach for designing high-performance carbon anode with closed porosity from low-cost and highly aromatic precursors.
中文翻译：
改变热转化途径以在煤衍生硬碳中形成闭孔并促进高性能钠离子电池和钠离子电容器的 Na+ 高原储存
煤炭具有成本低、碳产率高的特点，被认为是钠离子电池（SIBs）和钠离子电容器（SICs）碳阳极的有前途的前驱体。在热转化过程中调节煤结构的微晶状态和孔隙结构是提高 Na +储存行为的关键。本文报道了一种简便的策略，可以在无烟煤衍生的碳中产生丰富的封闭孔，从而大大提高 Na +平台的储存。采用化学活化后高温碳化的改变的热转化途径，以实现开放纳米孔和有序碳微晶转化为由短程碳结构包围的封闭孔。优化后的样品可提供 308 mAh g 的大可逆容量–1主要由低压平台过程贡献。实验结果揭示了在发达的封闭孔隙中增强的孔隙填充机制。受益于改进的平台行为，构建的 SIB 提供了 231.2 Wh kg –1的高能量密度，平均电压为 3.22 V；组装的全碳 SIC 显示出高能量和功率密度（101.8 Wh kg –1和 2.9 kW kg –1）。这项工作提供了一种通用的热转化方法，用于从低成本和高芳烃前体设计具有封闭孔隙率的高性能碳阳极。
更新日期：2022-06-16
中文翻译：
改变热转化途径以在煤衍生硬碳中形成闭孔并促进高性能钠离子电池和钠离子电容器的 Na+ 高原储存
煤炭具有成本低、碳产率高的特点，被认为是钠离子电池（SIBs）和钠离子电容器（SICs）碳阳极的有前途的前驱体。在热转化过程中调节煤结构的微晶状态和孔隙结构是提高 Na +储存行为的关键。本文报道了一种简便的策略，可以在无烟煤衍生的碳中产生丰富的封闭孔，从而大大提高 Na +平台的储存。采用化学活化后高温碳化的改变的热转化途径，以实现开放纳米孔和有序碳微晶转化为由短程碳结构包围的封闭孔。优化后的样品可提供 308 mAh g 的大可逆容量–1主要由低压平台过程贡献。实验结果揭示了在发达的封闭孔隙中增强的孔隙填充机制。受益于改进的平台行为，构建的 SIB 提供了 231.2 Wh kg –1的高能量密度，平均电压为 3.22 V；组装的全碳 SIC 显示出高能量和功率密度（101.8 Wh kg –1和 2.9 kW kg –1）。这项工作提供了一种通用的热转化方法，用于从低成本和高芳烃前体设计具有封闭孔隙率的高性能碳阳极。
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