Bioactive peptides from food have been widely studied due to their potential applications as functional foods and pharmaceuticals. Sea cucumber, a traditional tonic food, is characterized by high protein and low fat, thereby substrates are being studied to release sea cucumber peptides (SCPs). Although recent studies have shown that SCPs have various bioactive functions, there is no literature reviewing the development status of SCPs. In this review, we summarized the production of SCPs, including their purification and identification, then mainly focused on the comprehensive potential health benefits of SCP in vivo and in vitro, and finally discussed the challenge facing the development of SCPs. We found that SCPs have well-documented health benefits due to their antioxidation, anti-diabetes, ACE inhibitory, immunomodulatory, anti-cancer, anti-fatigue, anti-aging, neuroprotection, micromineral-chelating, etc. However, the structure–activity relationships of SCPs and the functional molecular mechanisms underlying their regulation in vivo need further investigation. Research on the safety of SCP and its potential regulation mechanism will contribute to transferring these findings into commercial applications. Hopefully, this review could promote the development and application of SCPs in further investigation and commercialization.

中文翻译：

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海参生物活性肽的生产及其潜在的健康益处：综合综述

食品中的生物活性肽因其作为功能性食品和药物的潜在应用而被广泛研究。海参是一种传统的滋补食品，具有高蛋白、低脂肪的特点，因此正在研究释放海参肽（SCPs）的底物。尽管最近的研究表明 SCPs 具有多种生物活性功能，但没有文献回顾 SCPs 的发展状况。在这篇综述中，我们总结了 SCPs 的生产，包括它们的纯化和鉴定，然后主要关注 SCP在体内和体外的综合潜在健康益处，最后讨论了SCPs发展面临的挑战。我们发现 SCP 因其抗氧化、抗糖尿病、ACE 抑制、免疫调节、抗癌、抗疲劳、抗衰老、神经保护、微量矿物质螯合等作用而具有充分证明的健康益处。 SCPs的关系及其在体内调控的功能分子机制需要进一步研究。对 SCP 安全性及其潜在调控机制的研究将有助于将这些发现转化为商业应用。希望本次审查能够促进 SCP 在进一步研究和商业化中的开发和应用。