The papers in this special section focus on security and privacy issues associated with Industry 4.0. In 2011, a group of delegates from business and academia, and politics in German initially proposed the conception of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (or Industry 4.0), which aims to improve the competitive ability in the manufacturing industry of their country. Along with the emergence of the Industry 4.0 term, people started introspecting the existing shortcomings in contemporary industrial society. Especially, the technologies of the past generations cannot maintain data explosive requirements in the Internet and telecommunication industry and fuse real-time data, which would increase waste and reduce productivity and overall equipment effectiveness. Industry 4.0 recognizes the importance of this issue and makes full use of large-scale machine-to-machine communication and the Internet of things (IoT) to increase automation, improve communication, and self-monitoring and diagnose issues without human intervention, finally transforming traditional manufacturing and industrial practices into a modern smart organization. However, with the rapid growth of devices, security and privacy issues rise to the surface. A mass amount of data frequently exchanged in the public channel will draw the attention of some people with evil intentions. Moreover, the resource-limited devices without strong cryptographic assurance would be compromised and hacked by adversaries. Hence, assuring the authenticity, integrity, and nonrepudiation of these industrial IoT data is a hot issue for industry 4.0 at present.

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特邀社论：工业 4.0 应用程序中的安全和隐私问题

本节中的论文重点关注与工业 4.0 相关的安全和隐私问题。2011年，一群来自德国商界、学术界和政界的代表初步提出了第四次工业革命（或工业4.0）的构想，旨在提高本国制造业的竞争力。随着工业4.0一词的出现，人们开始反思当代工业社会存在的不足。尤其是前几代的技术无法维持互联网和电信行业的数据爆炸性需求，无法融合实时数据，这会增加浪费，降低生产力和整体设备效率。工业 4。0 认识到这个问题的重要性，并充分利用大规模的机器对机器通信和物联网 (IoT) 来提高自动化程度，改善通信，并在没有人为干预的情况下自我监控和诊断问题，最终改变传统制造和工业实践融入现代智能组织。然而，随着设备的快速增长，安全和隐私问题浮出水面。公共渠道频繁交换的海量数据会引起一些心怀不轨的人的注意。此外，没有强大加密保证的资源有限设备将被对手攻破。因此，保证这些工业物联网数据的真实性、完整性和不可否认性是当前工业4.0的热点问题。