When retrieving geophysical parameters, it is advantageous to have an estimate of prior information that is based on observations with associated uncertainties, but this is often not possible. Long-term ground-based remote sensing measurements and the ozonesonde program at Summit Station, Greenland, provide an opportunity to create a unique framework to retrieve atmospheric ozone using observationally based prior information in the Arctic. This study investigates the potential of using the ground-based polar atmospheric emitted radiance interferometer (P-AERI) to estimate ozone below 10 km. Downlooking or limb-viewing sensors, such as those from satellites, have limited sensitivity to the lower atmosphere; however, uplooking, ground-based instruments provide complementary information to satellite observations to improve trace gas estimates at lower atmospheric levels. Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Application, version 2 (MERRA-2) is a reanalysis product that integrates satellite information but also inherits their higher uncertainties at lower atmospheric levels. An observation-based climatology of the uncertainty in the MERRA-2 ozone dataset is estimated using ozonesondes launched at Summit Station. MERRA-2 shows high accuracy in the middle stratosphere but larger uncertainties below 10 km. Retrievals that use spectral radiance measurements from the P-AERI improve the estimates of ozone concentrations in the troposphere and lower stratosphere by using prior information from MERRA-2 and our climatology of MERRA-2 uncertainties as the covariance of the prior. Using ozonesonde observations from 2012 to 2017 at Summit Station, Greenland, the quality of the retrieved results is assessed. Comparisons show that retrieved partial columns reduce the bias of MERRA-2 ozone estimation below 10 km, and the average tropospheric ozone concentration is improved significantly.

中文翻译：

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使用格陵兰岛 FTIR 观测反演对流层和平流层低层中的臭氧


当检索地球物理参数时，基于具有相关不确定性的观测来估计先验信息是有利的，但这通常是不可能的。长期地面遥感测量和格陵兰峰会站的臭氧探空仪计划提供了一个机会，可以创建一个独特的框架，利用北极地区基于观测的先验信息来检索大气臭氧。本研究调查了使用地基极地大气发射辐射干涉仪 (P-AERI) 估算 10 公里以下臭氧的潜力。俯视或临边观察传感器，例如来自卫星的传感器，对低层大气的灵敏度有限；然而，地面上行仪器可为卫星观测提供补充信息，以改进较低大气层的痕量气体估计。现代时代研究和应用回顾分析，版本 2 (MERRA-2) 是一款再分析产品，它集成了卫星信息，但也继承了其在较低大气层中较高的不确定性。使用峰会站发射的臭氧探空仪估算 MERRA-2 臭氧数据集中不确定性的基于观测的气候学。 MERRA-2在平流层中层显示出较高的精度，但在10公里以下的不确定性较大。使用来自 P-AERI 的光谱辐射测量的检索通过使用 MERRA-2 的先验信息和我们的 MERRA-2 不确定性气候学作为先验的协方差，改进了对流层和平流层低层臭氧浓度的估计。使用格陵兰萨米特站 2012 年至 2017 年的臭氧探空仪观测结果评估检索结果的质量。 对比表明，反演的部分柱状图减少了MERRA-2臭氧估算10 km以下的偏差，对流层平均臭氧浓度显着改善。