The spatial migration process and distribution of inorganic particles in polymeric composites play a key role in manufacturing advanced composites. However, it remains a great challenge to acquire spatial information about the migration of inorganic particles inside polymers. In this contribution, we reported a fluorescence tracing strategy for three-dimensional visualization on the migration process of inorganic particles inside polymers. The inorganic particles with platelike morphology migrated toward the surface of composites upon thermal treatment, and the homogeneous distribution of inorganic particles was changed to a surface-preferred state. This spontaneous migration can be confirmed by the activation energy calculated at ∼29.9 kJ/mol. A non-uniform migration motion was disclosed for inorganic particles, and the smaller particles in the deeper location showed faster migration rates. Notably, the initial migration rate of 30.2 μm/h decayed to 0 μm/h in 5–10 h through thermodynamic equilibrium, and this variation tendency was in good accordance with the changes of macroscopic mechanical properties of composites. Furthermore, we have extended this strategy to silicon dioxide. The comparison between the spherical and platelike particles showed that the particles with lower aspect ratio migrated faster in the polymer matrix. We have provided an effective approach for the evaluation on the migration of inorganic particles inside composites, paving the way for the design and manipulation of the advanced polymeric composites.

中文翻译：

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荧光技术照亮聚合物中的粒子迁移

聚合物复合材料中无机颗粒的空间迁移过程和分布在制造先进复合材料中起着关键作用。然而，获取有关无机颗粒在聚合物内迁移的空间信息仍然是一个巨大的挑战。在这篇文章中，我们报告了一种荧光追踪策略，用于对聚合物内部无机颗粒的迁移过程进行三维可视化。热处理后，具有板状形态的无机颗粒向复合材料表面迁移，无机颗粒的均匀分布变为表面优先状态。这种自发迁移可以通过计算为~29.9 kJ/mol 的活化能来证实。揭示了无机颗粒的非均匀迁移运动，较深位置的较小颗粒显示出更快的迁移速度。值得注意的是，30.2 μm/h的初始迁移速率通过热力学平衡在5~10 h内衰减到0 μm/h，这种变化趋势与复合材料宏观力学性能的变化非常吻合。此外，我们已将此策略扩展到二氧化硅。球形和片状颗粒之间的比较表明，具有较低纵横比的颗粒在聚合物基质中迁移得更快。我们为评估无机颗粒在复合材料内的迁移提供了一种有效的方法，为先进聚合物复合材料的设计和操作铺平了道路。2 μm/h通过热力学平衡在5~10 h内衰减到0 μm/h，这种变化趋势与复合材料宏观力学性能的变化非常吻合。此外，我们已将此策略扩展到二氧化硅。球形和片状颗粒之间的比较表明，具有较低纵横比的颗粒在聚合物基质中迁移得更快。我们为评估无机颗粒在复合材料内的迁移提供了一种有效的方法，为先进聚合物复合材料的设计和操作铺平了道路。2 μm/h通过热力学平衡在5~10 h内衰减到0 μm/h，这种变化趋势与复合材料宏观力学性能的变化非常吻合。此外，我们已将此策略扩展到二氧化硅。球形和片状颗粒之间的比较表明，具有较低纵横比的颗粒在聚合物基质中迁移得更快。我们为评估无机颗粒在复合材料内的迁移提供了一种有效的方法，为先进聚合物复合材料的设计和操作铺平了道路。球形和片状颗粒之间的比较表明，具有较低纵横比的颗粒在聚合物基质中迁移得更快。我们为评估无机颗粒在复合材料内的迁移提供了一种有效的方法，为先进聚合物复合材料的设计和操作铺平了道路。球形和片状颗粒之间的比较表明，具有较低纵横比的颗粒在聚合物基质中迁移得更快。我们为评估无机颗粒在复合材料内的迁移提供了一种有效的方法，为先进聚合物复合材料的设计和操作铺平了道路。