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Zwitterionic Osmolytes Revive Surface Charges under Salt Stress via Dual Mechanisms
The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters ( IF 4.8 ) Pub Date : 2022-06-16 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c00853 Susmita Sarkar 1 , Anku Guha 1 , Tharangattu N Narayanan 1 , Jagannath Mondal 1
The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters ( IF 4.8 ) Pub Date : 2022-06-16 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c00853 Susmita Sarkar 1 , Anku Guha 1 , Tharangattu N Narayanan 1 , Jagannath Mondal 1
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To counter the stress of a salt imbalance, the cell often produces low molecular weight osmolytes to resuscitate homeostasis. However, how zwitterionic osmolytes would tune the electrostatic interactions among charged biomacromolecular surfaces under salt stress has eluded mainstream investigations. Here, via combination of molecular simulation and experiment, we demonstrate that a set of zwitterionic osmolytes is able to restore the electrostatic interaction between two negatively charged surfaces that had been masked in the presence of salt. Interestingly, the mechanisms of resurrecting charge interaction under excess salt are revealed to be mutually divergent and osmolyte specific. In particular, glycine is found to competitively desorb the salt ions from the surface via its direct interaction with the surface. On the contrary, TMAO and betaine counteract salt stress by retaining adsorbed cations but partially neutralizing their charge density via ion-mediated interaction. These access to alternative modes of osmolytic actions would provide the cell the required flexibility in combating salt stress.
中文翻译：
两性离子渗透剂通过双重机制在盐胁迫下恢复表面电荷
为了对抗盐分不平衡的压力，细胞通常会产生低分子量渗透质来恢复体内平衡。然而，两性离子渗透物如何在盐胁迫下调节带电生物大分子表面之间的静电相互作用一直没有得到主流研究。在这里，通过分子模拟和实验的结合，我们证明了一组两性离子渗透剂能够恢复在盐存在下被掩盖的两个带负电表面之间的静电相互作用。有趣的是，在过量盐下恢复电荷相互作用的机制被证明是相互发散的和渗透剂特异性的。特别是，发现甘氨酸通过其与表面的直接相互作用从表面竞争性解吸盐离子。相反，TMAO 和甜菜碱通过保留吸附的阳离子但通过离子介导的相互作用部分中和它们的电荷密度来抵消盐胁迫。这些对渗透作用的替代模式的访问将为细胞提供对抗盐胁迫所需的灵活性。
更新日期：2022-06-16
中文翻译：
两性离子渗透剂通过双重机制在盐胁迫下恢复表面电荷
为了对抗盐分不平衡的压力，细胞通常会产生低分子量渗透质来恢复体内平衡。然而，两性离子渗透物如何在盐胁迫下调节带电生物大分子表面之间的静电相互作用一直没有得到主流研究。在这里，通过分子模拟和实验的结合，我们证明了一组两性离子渗透剂能够恢复在盐存在下被掩盖的两个带负电表面之间的静电相互作用。有趣的是，在过量盐下恢复电荷相互作用的机制被证明是相互发散的和渗透剂特异性的。特别是，发现甘氨酸通过其与表面的直接相互作用从表面竞争性解吸盐离子。相反，TMAO 和甜菜碱通过保留吸附的阳离子但通过离子介导的相互作用部分中和它们的电荷密度来抵消盐胁迫。这些对渗透作用的替代模式的访问将为细胞提供对抗盐胁迫所需的灵活性。
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