Diuron, a widely used phenylurea herbicide, has been frequently detected in marine organism and seawater all over the world. But the understanding of potential damage of diuron on reproduction in marine fish is currently not enough. Herein, marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) were continuously exposed to 0, 5, 50, 500, and 5000 ng/L diuron from embryo (0 dpf) to adult (180 dpf) stage. The results suggested that diuron had an adverse influence on male reproduction for marine medaka, including decreased gonado somatic index, histological changes of testes, decreased mobility of sperm, and reduced fecundity through disrupting the balance of sex hormone and genes expression related to hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal-liver (HPGL) axis. The reduced fecundity was reflected in abnormal sexual behaviors, further inhibited growth and development of F1 embryo and larvae. Moreover, the proportion of diuron metabolites (DCPMU and DCPU) was increased in fish, but the proportion of diuron was decreased with the increasing of exposure concentration. Diuron, DCPMU, and DCPU was identified as aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist (AhR) agonist using in silico and in vivo models. DCPMU and DCPU induced the gene expression of AhR signaling and metabolizing enzymes (such as cyp1a1) in the livers. A great deal of major metabolites affected various organs related to HPGL axis of male marine medaka and led to serious reproductive disorders. Consequently, it reveals that long-term exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of diuron and even AhR agonist pesticides pose a potential ecological risk for marine fish.

敌草隆是一种广泛使用的苯脲类除草剂，在世界各地的海洋生物和海水中都经常检测到。但目前对敌草隆对海洋鱼类繁殖的潜在损害的了解还不够。在此，海洋青鳉（Oryzias melastigma) 从胚胎 (0 dpf) 到成人 (180 dpf) 阶段连续暴露于 0、5、50、500 和 5000 ng/L 敌草隆。结果表明敌草隆通过破坏性激素和下丘脑-垂体相关基因表达的平衡，对海洋青鳉雄性生殖产生不利影响，包括性腺体细胞指数下降、睾丸组织学改变、精子活动性下降以及生殖力下降。 -性腺-肝（HPGL）轴。繁殖力下降体现在性行为异常，进一步抑制了F1胚胎和幼虫的生长发育。此外，敌草隆代谢物（DCPMU和DCPU）在鱼类体内的比例增加，但敌草隆的比例随着暴露浓度的增加而降低。敌草隆，DCPMU，在计算机和体内模型中。DCPMU 和 DCPU 诱导肝脏中 AhR 信号和代谢酶（如cyp1a1）的基因表达。大量主要代谢物影响雄性海洋青鳉HPGL轴相关的各种器官，导致严重的生殖障碍。因此，它揭示了长期暴露于环境相关浓度的敌草隆甚至 AhR 激动剂杀虫剂对海洋鱼类构成潜在的生态风险。