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New Technologies Bloom Together for Bettering Cancer Drug Conjugates
Pharmacological Reviews ( IF 19.3 ) Pub Date : 2022-07-01 , DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.121.000499
Yiming Jin 1 , Shahab Edalatian Zakeri 1 , Raman Bahal 1 , Andrew J Wiemer 2
Affiliation  

Drug conjugates, including antibody-drug conjugates, are a step toward realizing Paul Ehrlich’s idea from over 100 years ago of a “magic bullet” for cancer treatment. Through balancing selective targeting molecules with highly potent payloads, drug conjugates can target specific tumor microenvironments and kill tumor cells. A drug conjugate consists of three parts: a targeting agent, a linker, and a payload. In some conjugates, monoclonal antibodies act as the targeting agent, but new strategies for targeting include antibody derivatives, peptides, and even small molecules. Linkers are responsible for connecting the payload to the targeting agent. Payloads impact vital cellular processes to kill tumor cells. At present, there are 12 antibody-drug conjugates on the market for different types of cancers. Research on drug conjugates is increasing year by year to solve problems encountered in conjugate design, such as tumor heterogeneity, poor circulation, low drug loading, low tumor uptake, and heterogenous expression of target antigens. This review highlights some important preclinical research on drug conjugates in recent years. We focus on three significant areas: improvement of antibody-drug conjugates, identification of new conjugate targets, and development of new types of drug conjugates, including nanotechnology. We close by highlighting the critical barriers to clinical translation and the open questions going forward.

中文翻译:


新技术共同绽放,改善癌症药物偶联物



药物偶联物,包括抗体-药物偶联物,是朝着实现 Paul Ehrlich 100 多年前关于癌症治疗“灵丹妙药”的想法迈出的一步。通过平衡选择性靶向分子与高效有效负载,药物缀合物可以靶向特定的肿瘤微环境并杀死肿瘤细胞。药物偶联物由三部分组成:靶向剂、连接体和有效负载。在一些缀合物中,单克隆抗体充当靶向剂,但新的靶向策略包括抗体衍生物、肽,甚至小分子。链接器负责将有效负载连接到目标代理。有效负载影响杀死肿瘤细胞的重要细胞过程。目前,市场上有12种针对不同类型癌症的抗体药物偶联物。药物偶联物的研究逐年增多,以解决偶联物设计中遇到的肿瘤异质性、循环不良、载药量低、肿瘤摄取低、靶抗原异质表达等问题。本综述重点介绍了近年来药物偶联物的一些重要的临床前研究。我们专注于三个重要领域:抗体-药物偶联物的改进、新偶联物靶点的鉴定以及新型药物偶联物(包括纳米技术)的开发。最后,我们强调临床转化的关键障碍和未来的悬而未决的问题。
更新日期:2022-06-16
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