Mindfulness-based interventions have the potential to improve depressive symptoms but are not effective for everyone. The current study aims to find target populations for a mindfulness-based intervention, to improve antenatal depression based on the personalized causal pathway hypothesis. This is a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. A total of 168 pregnant women were randomly allocated to a mindfulness-based intervention group or a control group. Depression assessed by the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and mindfulness assessed by the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire, that were collected at baseline and post-intervention, were included in the moderated mediation models. Demographic and pregnancy-related characteristics were included as moderators. Pregnant women receiving mindfulness intervention had significantly higher mindfulness scores than those in the control group (F = 5.840, P = 0.017). The intervention group predicted a decrease in depression through an increase in mindfulness compared to the control group, with an indirect effect of -0.151 and 95%CI: [-0.340, -0.007]. Moderated mediation analyses indicated that age (Index = 0.356, 95%CI: [0.001, 0.832]) and parity (Index = 0.356, 95%CI: [0.020, 0.817]) moderated this mediation path. Younger pregnant women and primiparous women gained mindfulness skills through mindfulness intervention and their depressive symptoms were relieved. The results indicate that mindfulness interventions decrease antenatal depressive symptoms among younger pregnant women and primiparous women. Future studies should further examine additional mechanisms of mindfulness interventions and more moderators can be tested to improve depression treatment efficacy. Interventions for older and multiparous pregnant women should be developed.

基于正念的干预有可能改善抑郁症状，但并非对所有人都有效。目前的研究旨在为基于正念的干预寻找目标人群，以基于个性化因果通路假设改善产前抑郁症. 这是对随机对照试验的二次分析。共有 168 名孕妇被随机分配到正念干预组或对照组。通过爱丁堡产后抑郁量表评估的抑郁症和通过五面正念问卷评估的正念，在基线和干预后收集，被包括在调节调解模型中。人口统计学和妊娠相关特征被列为调节因素。接受正念干预的孕妇的正念分数显着高于对照组（F  = 5.840，P = 0.017)。与对照组相比，干预组通过增加正念来预测抑郁症的减少，间接影响为 -0.151 和 95% CI： [-0.340, -0.007]。适度的中介分析表明年龄（指数 = 0.356, 95% CI : [0.001, 0.832]）和胎次（指数 = 0.356, 95% CI: [0.020, 0.817]) 调节了这条中介路径。年轻孕妇和初产妇通过正念干预获得正念技能，抑郁症状得到缓解。结果表明，正念干预减少了年轻孕妇和初产妇的产前抑郁症状。未来的研究应该进一步研究正念干预的其他机制，并且可以测试更多的调节剂以提高抑郁症的治疗效果。应制定针对老年和经产妇的干预措施。