Can studying individual differences in brain structure and function reveal individual differences in behavior? Analyses of MRI data from nearly 50,000 individuals may suggest that the possibility is fleeting. Although sample size is important for brain-based prediction, researchers can take other steps to build better biomarkers. These include testing model generalizability across people, datasets, and time points and maximizing model robustness by optimizing brain data acquisition, behavioral measures, and prediction approaches.

中文翻译：

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如何在没有数千人的情况下建立稳健的大脑-行为关系

研究大脑结构和功能的个体差异能否揭示行为的个体差异？对近 50,000 人的 MRI 数据的分析可能表明这种可能性稍纵即逝。尽管样本量对于基于大脑的预测很重要，但研究人员可以采取其他步骤来构建更好的生物标志物。其中包括测试模型在人、数据集和时间点之间的普遍性，以及通过优化大脑数据采集、行为测量和预测方法来最大化模型的稳健性。