Abstract

Objective:

Internalised shame has been linked to psychopathology and consistently identified as a predictor of poor treatment outcomes and premature therapy termination. We conducted a scoping review of therapist-delivered psychosocial interventions to reduce internalised shame to learn how to improve outcomes for individuals experiencing shame.

Method:

Six bibliographical databases were searched for studies measuring internalised shame pre- and post-treatment. We screened 6846 abstracts; 42 full-text manuscripts were retrieved, with 16 studies meeting the inclusion criteria. Of these, 10 studies examined between- and within-subject effects, and 6 studies exclusively examined within-subject effects.

Results:

Twelve of the sixteen included studies reported small to moderate within-group reductions in internalised shame. Between group analyses showed that shame interventions may be more effective than no treatment or treatment as usual, but not more effective than an active comparator.

Conclusion:

Successful treatments often involved psychoeducation, experiential exercises, and techniques to increase social support and emotional expression; however, study quality was weak to moderate and the importance of each of these techniques for reducing internalised shame was not determined.

中文翻译：

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对减少内化羞耻感的社会心理干预措施的范围界定审查

摘要

客观的：

内化的羞耻与精神病理学有关，并且一直被认为是治疗结果不佳和治疗过早终止的预测因素。我们对治疗师提供的心理社会干预措施进行了范围界定审查，以减少内化的羞耻感，以了解如何改善经历羞耻感的个人的结果。

方法：

在六个书目数据库中搜索了测量治疗前后内化羞耻感的研究。我们筛选了 6846 篇摘要；检索到 42 份全文手稿，其中 16 项研究符合纳入标准。其中，10 项研究检查了受试者间和受试者内的影响，6 项研究专门检查了受试者内的影响。

结果：

在 16 项纳入的研究中，有 12 项报告了内在羞耻感在群体内有小到中度的减少。组间分析表明，羞耻干预可能比不治疗或照常治疗更有效，但并不比积极的比较更有效。

结论：

成功的治疗通常涉及心理教育、体验式练习以及增加社会支持和情绪表达的技巧；然而，研究质量从弱到中等，并且尚未确定这些技术中的每一种对减少内化羞耻感的重要性。