Hypertension is one of the main factors of cardiovascular disease worldwide and is strongly related to the overall mortality. High salt intake is a major risk factors for hypertension. Identifying functional foods that can help prevent mechanistic abnormalities mediating salt-induced hypertension is an issue of considerable nutraceutical and scientific interest. Dietary Momordica charantia may be an alternative approach to avoid salt-induced hypertension. Dahl salt-sensitive (DSS) rats were used to determine whether Momordica charantia water extracts (ME) exerts anti-hypertensive effects in the present study. ME gavage could significantly prevented the increase of blood pressure, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and urine protein-to-creatinine ratio of DSS rats. Metabolomics analysis indicated that high-salt diet induced abnormal amino acid metabolism was related to nitric oxide (NO) deficiency, but ME gavage could upregulate the activities of nitric oxide synthase, aspartate aminotransferase, argininosuccinate lyase, argininosuccinate synthase and restore endogenous synthesis of arginine and NO. Meanwhile, renal function was improved after ME gavage. Citrulline, as one of the important component in ME, could attenuate salt-induced hypertension by increasing endogenous synthesis of arginine and NO. Antioxidants in ME, such as phenolic compound, may avoid high-salt induced oxidative stress in DSS rats, which may be another mechanism by which ME prevented blood pressure increase. Thus, the present study indicated that feeding Momordica charantia could avoid high-salt-induced hypertension in DSS rats.

高血压是全球心血管疾病的主要因素之一，与总体死亡率密切相关。高盐摄入量是高血压的主要危险因素。识别可以帮助预防介导盐引起的高血压的机制异常的功能性食品是一个具有相当大的营养和科学意义的问题。饮食苦瓜可能是避免盐引起的高血压的替代方法。达尔盐敏感（DSS）大鼠用于确定苦瓜是否水提取物（ME）在本研究中发挥抗高血压作用。ME灌胃可显着阻止DSS大鼠血压、血尿素氮、肌酐和尿蛋白/肌酐比的升高。代谢组学分析表明，高盐饮食引起的氨基酸代谢异常与一氧化氮（NO）缺乏有关，但ME灌胃可上调一氧化氮合酶、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶、精氨琥珀酸裂解酶、精氨琥珀酸合酶的活性，恢复精氨酸和内源性合成。不。同时，ME管饲后肾功能得到改善。瓜氨酸作为 ME 中的重要成分之一，可通过增加精氨酸和 NO 的内源性合成来减轻盐诱发的高血压。ME中的抗氧化剂，例如酚类化合物，可以避免 DSS 大鼠高盐诱导的氧化应激，这可能是 ME 阻止血压升高的另一种机制。因此，本研究表明，喂养苦瓜可避免DSS大鼠高盐诱发的高血压。