Microplastics (MPs) released from both primary and secondary sources affect the functioning of aquatic system. These MPs and components leached, can interact with aquatic organisms of all trophic levels, including the primary producers, such as microalgae. Considering the ecological value of microalgae and the toxicological effects of MPs towards them, this review provides: (1) a detailed understanding of the interactions between MPs and microalgae in the complex natural environment; (2) a discussion about the toxic effects of single type and mixtures of plastic particles on the microalgae cells, and (3) a discussion about the impacts of MPs on various features of microalgae -based bioremediation technology. For this purpose, toxic effects of MPs on various microalgal species were compiled and plastic components of MPs were ranked on the basis of their toxic effects. Based on available data, ranking for various plastic components was found to be: Polystyrene (PS) (rank 1) > Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) > Polypropylene (PP) > Polyethylene (PE) (rank 4). Furthermore, the review suggested the need to understand joint toxicity of MPs along with co-contaminants on microalgae as the presence of other pollutants along with MPs might affect microalgae differently. In-depth investigations are required to check the impact of MPs on microalgae-based wastewater treatment technology and controlling factors.

从初级和次级来源释放的微塑料 (MPs) 会影响水生系统的功能。这些浸出的 MPs 和成分可以与所有营养水平的水生生物相互作用，包括初级生产者，如微藻。考虑到微藻的生态价值和 MPs 对它们的毒理作用，本综述提供：（1）详细了解 MPs 与微藻在复杂自然环境中的相互作用；(2) 讨论单一类型和混合塑料颗粒对微藻细胞的毒性作用，以及 (3) 讨论 MPs 对基于微藻的生物修复技术的各种特征的影响。以此目的，编制了 MPs 对各种微藻物种的毒性作用，并根据其毒性作用对 MPs 的塑料成分进行了排名。根据现有数据，发现各种塑料组件的排名为：聚苯乙烯 (PS)（排名 1）> 聚氯乙烯 (PVC) > 聚丙烯 (PP) > 聚乙烯 (PE)（排名 4）。此外，审查建议需要了解 MPs 和共污染物对微藻的联合毒性，因为其他污染物和 MPs 的存在可能对微藻产生不同的影响。需要深入调查以检查 MPs 对基于微藻的废水处理技术和控制因素的影响。聚丙烯 (PP) > 聚乙烯 (PE)（排名 4）。此外，审查建议需要了解 MPs 和共污染物对微藻的联合毒性，因为其他污染物和 MPs 的存在可能对微藻产生不同的影响。需要深入调查以检查 MPs 对基于微藻的废水处理技术和控制因素的影响。聚丙烯 (PP) > 聚乙烯 (PE)（排名 4）。此外，审查建议需要了解 MPs 和共污染物对微藻的联合毒性，因为其他污染物和 MPs 的存在可能对微藻产生不同的影响。需要深入调查以检查 MPs 对基于微藻的废水处理技术和控制因素的影响。